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Conclusion In my first publication (Cheyeka, 1998) on Zambia as a Christian nation, I used the hypothesis of the threat of Islam in Africa proposed by Gifford (1996) to explain Chiluba's declaration of Zambia as a Christian nation in 1991. In this article I have argued that the trigger...
His militant proposals—a violent revolution to establish an independent Black nation—won Malcolm X large numbers of followers as well as many fierce critics. Due primarily to the efforts of Malcolm X, the Nation of Islam grew from a mere 400 members at the time he was released from prison...
political theology; religion; revivalism; Islamism; neo-traditionalism; fundamentalism; Mawdudi; Iqbal; Azad; Madani Whereas secular nationalism emerged in the West as an indigenous and therefore organic development, its rise in the Muslim world was predicated upon the importation of Western models. ...