One particularly important class of cancer-promoting non-protein-coding elements are the long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs)22. LncRNA transcripts are modular assemblages of functional elements that can interact with other nucleic acids and proteins via defined sequences or structural elements...
The Mesenchymal epithelial transition factor (MET) gene encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase with pleiotropic functions in cancer. MET exon 14 skipping alterations and high-level MET amplification are oncogenic and targetable genetic changes in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Resistance...
However, based onhowa DNA sequence is changed (rather thanwhere), many different types of mutations can occur. For instance, sometimes an error in DNA replication can switch out a single nucleotide and replace it with another, thereby changing the nucleotide sequence of only one codon. According...
Synonymous mutations in protein-coding genes do not alter protein sequences and are thus generally presumed to be neutral or nearly neutral1–5. Here, to experimentally verify this presumption, we constructed 8,341 yeast mutants each carrying a synonymou
Figure 1. An illustration to show an example of a DNA mutation. Image credit: Genome Research Limited Mutations in Somatic Cells and in Gametes Let’s begin with a question:What is a gene mutation and how do mutations occur? A gene mutation is a permanent alteration in the DNA sequence th...
Those are great questions. Sometimes, I get so buried in the details of genetic genealogy that I neglect the obvious, so I’m writing this article for my co-admin and anyone else with the same questions. Time Tree Versus Genealogy Question Of course, as a genealogist, my first answer woul...
sequence differences in the 5’ flanking regions of the Aγ- and Gγ-globin genes from 100 Black adult and 57 newborn SS patients from the southeastern United States, from 76 individuals with AS, S-β-thal, SC, AC, or A-β-thal, and from 31 normal ...
del, Deletion of a specified nucleotide; ins, insertion of a specified base. Mutations are indicated by arrows. Frameshift mutations Sequence analysis of the PCR products amplified from DNA of patient 1 revealed a single adenine deletion in exon 11, within a run of five adenines between ...
The sgDNase can be designed against any wild-type DNA sequences, allowing for the uniform enrichment of all the mutations within the target-binding region of single-stranded phosphorothioated DNA at mild-temperature conditions. Pretreatment with sgDNase enriches all mutant strands with initial ...
Detecting mutations from single DNA molecules is crucial in many fields but challenging. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) affords tremendous throughput but cannot directly sequence double-stranded DNA molecules (‘single duplexes’) to discern the true m