or when the permeability of the surface membranes of muscle fibers is impaired, enzymes such as creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aldolase, and transaminase may escape into the blood. Thus, in certain diseases, such as myocardial infarctions and myopathies, it is of considerable clinical int...
When muscular organs are injured, as in myocardial infarction, or when the permeability of the surface membranes of muscle fibers is impaired, enzymes such as creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aldolase, and transaminase may escape into the blood. Thus, in certain diseases, such as myocardial...
In some types of cancer cells these interactions are altered favoring the hexokinase binding and thus explaining the Warburg effect of increased glycolytic lactate production in these cells. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: VDAC structure, function, and regulation of mitochondrial ...
Three enzymes are used routinely to assess muscle necrosis: creatine kinase (CK), aspartate transaminase (AST), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Serum myoglobin has also been used as a marker of acute muscle necrosis.2,3 The permeability of the muscle cell membrane, rate of enzyme production,...
When activated by an internal release of calcium, the filaments use the energy in ATP to crawl along each other in opposite directions. This movement shortens the length of the cell, which then contracts. The three general classes of muscle cells (myocytes) are skeletal (striated), cardiac (...
Lactate administration increases mRNA expression of PGC- 1a and UCP3 in mouse skeletal muscle. Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. 41:695-698. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2016-0016Kitaoka, Y., K. Takeda, Y. Tamura, and H. Hatta. 2016. Lactate administration increases mRNA expression of PGC-...
Glycolysis leads to the production of pyruvate, which feeds into the TCA cycle for oxidation. If pyruvate production exceeds its oxidation, excess pyruvate is converted into lactic acid, which dissociates into lactate and H+. The accumulation of H+ lowers the pH, thus potentially interfering with...
When citrulline absorbed, it clears ammonium and lactate from the blood via conversion to arginine in the kidneys. In this way, citrulline actually augments arginine levels in the blood. Presumably, this augments your ability to produce NO. ...
Increases in free calcium can increase O2 consumption. If the increase in energy utilization is greater than its production and the ability to control free calcium is compromised, muscle degradation or atrophy can occur. Intracellular calcium levels have been determined by means of calcium electrodes....
Because of its rich perfusion, the diaphragm is relatively resistant to ischemia, even during exercise, when large increases in perfusion of the diaphragm are needed. Examination of regional muscle perfusion in the dog during exercise has demonstrated that the muscle group with the largest increase ...