Chronic inflammation mediated by cytokines such as TNF, IL-6 and IFNγ contributes to aberrant muscle homeostasis (for instance, by exacerbating muscle protein breakdown), and results from transcriptomic studies have identified dysfunction of muscle stem cells and metabolism in RA. Progressive resistance...
The disease gene PYGM encodes the myophosphorylase enzyme that initiates glycogen breakdown in skeletal muscle fibers (105). Mutations in PYGM reduce or abolish enzyme activity in the muscle. Clinical diagnosis can be suspected on the basis of exercise-related symptoms, baseline hyperCKemia, and ...
the intracellular domain of Notch1 (N1ICD) is released and translocated into the nucleus, where it interacts with the CSL (CBF-1, Suppressor of hairless, Lag) family and forms part of a CSL-N1ICD complex on the DNA binding site (GTGGGAA) to regulate...
Additional support for the view that muscle plays a key role in ALS pathogenesis has been provided by the observations that the destruction of neuromuscular junctions is linked to oxidative stress induced by tissue-specific breakdown of muscle mitochondria [8]. Identification of abnormalities in ...
This is an important effect of protein oxidation on tissues, since it may contribute to enhancing protein breakdown in catabolic states Proteomes 2016, 4, 18 14 of 23 such as in patients with advanced chronic conditions including cancer cachexia. Further research is needed in order to assess ...
Diacylglycerols can also be produced from the breakdown of PC by phospholipase Metabolites 2018, 8, 64 9 of 17 D, and reduced skeletal muscle PC levels may be associated with insulin resistance in humans, suggesting a possible role for multiple lipids in insulin resistance [64,65]. Indeed, ...
Spectrin Breakdown Products (SBDPs) as Potential Biomarkers for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Curr. Transl. Geriatr. Exp. Gerontol. Rep. 2012, 1, 85–93. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 22. Yoon, M.-S. mTOR as a Key Regulator in Maintaining Skeletal Muscle Mass. Front. Physiol. 2017, 8, 788. [...
,UBs).eUosfeaopfeapptiedpeticdoemcpoemtiptieotnitiaosnsaayssraeydurecdeductehde sthigensaigl innatleinnstietynsoitfyLoAfTL1AsTta1instinaign(inCg). A(Cs).trAonsgtrpoonsgitpivoesistiigvneasliwgnaasl nwoatesdncoltoesde ctolotsheetosatrhcoelesamrcmoalelmmmemalbmraenme barnadnepoasnsdibpleoss...
Muscle size is determined by the balance between MPS and muscle protein breakdown (MPB) [5]. In the postabsorptive (fasting) state, MPB exceeds MPS and protein balance becomes negative. Nutrients 2015, 7, 8685–8699; doi:10.3390/nu7105420 www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrients Nutrients 2015, 7, ...
The turnover of proteins involves ongoing protein synthesis and breakdown, and it is well known that prolonged exercise depresses muscle protein synthesis [2,3]. Previous studies have demonstrated that ingestion of a meal containing protein immediately following exercise stimulates protein synthesis in ...