Increasing evidence indicates the involvement of B cells in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), but their precise roles are unclear. In this Review, we provide an overview of the development and physiological functions of B cells and the main mechanisms through which B cells are thought...
Mouse myelin repair cells (oligodendrocytes) in a petri dish. These cells produce myelin (green), which they then use to repair the myelin sheaths around nerve cells. Blue staining depicts nuclei. Credit: Staroßom/Charité Diseases such as multiple sclerosis are characterized by damage to the ...
Our incomplete understanding of the causes and pathways involved in the onset and progression of multiple sclerosis (MS) limits our ability to effectively treat this complex neurological disease. Recent studies explore the role of immune cells at different stages of MS and how they interact with cel...
Scientists strongly suspect that CD8+ T cells, whose job is to kill other cells, play an important role in the myelin-damage of multiple sclerosis. In experimental autoimmune encephalitis, which is an animal model of multiple sclerosis in humans, CD4+T cells have a significant part in the inf...
B cells in multiple sclerosis play different roles, acting as both drivers and regulators of the disease. The pathogenic involvement of B cells is proved by the beneficial effect accomplished by B cell depletion therapy. This type of therapy is performed with anti-CD20, such asRituximab, and pr...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease with many different immune cells involved in its pathogenesis, and in particular T cells as the most recognized cell type. Recently, the innate immune system has also been researched for its effect on the disease. Hence, cells of the immune system...
iPS cells have the capability to differentiate into all cell types of the human body iPS cells represent an early stage of disease development Questions The pathogenetic events involved in multiple sclerosis development and progression are still not completely understood Which pathogenetic events are inv...
Stem Cells Treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS). Interim results from an international trial of a stem cell transplant treatment showed a much higher success rate than the control group, which received a drug treatment. MS is a disease that affects the brain, spinal cord, and immune system, ...
Multiple sclerosis(MS)is a complex disease with many different immune cells involved in its pathogenesis,and in particular T cells as the most recognized cell type.Recently,the innate immune system has also been researched for its effect on the disease.Hence,cells of the immune system play vital...
multiple sclerosis; N3: Notch 3 receptor; IL: interleukin; Teff: effector T cell; TFH: follicular helper T cell; TFR: regulatory T follicular cell; TGF-β: transforming growth factor beta: Tr1: T-regulatory 1 cell; Treg: T-regulatory cell mediated apoptosis both in Tregs and Bregs [111,...