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Our incomplete understanding of the causes and pathways involved in the onset and progression of multiple sclerosis (MS) limits our ability to effectively treat this complex neurological disease. Recent studies explore the role of immune cells at different stages of MS and how they interact with cel...
T-CellsEffector T-cellsBackground Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex autoimmune disorder characterized by neurologic dysfunction. The symptoms worsen as the disease progresses to the relapsing stage. Aim This study aimed to examine the role of T cells in MS pathogenesis. Materials and methods ...
B cells in multiple sclerosis play different roles, acting as both drivers and regulators of the disease. The pathogenic involvement of B cells is proved by the beneficial effect accomplished by B cell depletion therapy. This type of therapy is performed with anti-CD20, such asRituximab, and pr...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease with many different immune cells involved in its pathogenesis, and in particular T cells as the most recognized cell type. Recently, the innate immune system has also been researched for its effect on the disease. Hence, cells of the immune system...
Multiple sclerosis(MS)is a complex disease with many different immune cells involved in its pathogenesis,and in particular T cells as the most recognized cell type.Recently,the innate immune system has also been researched for its effect on the disease.Hence,cells of the immune system play vital...
Discussions of multiple sclerosis (MS) pathophysiology tend to focus on T cells and B cells of the adaptive immune response. The innate immune system is less commonly considered in this context, although dendritic cells, monocytes, macrophages and microglia — collectively referred to as myeloid cell...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that predominantly affects young adults. MS is highly heterogeneous and is considered by some authors to be a conglomerate of neurological syndromes, in which inflammatory damage and demyelination ove...
Multiple sclerosis pathogenesis in both relapsing and progressive disease. Scheme representing the major cells and molecules that play a role in the two different stages of MS. The dashed line allows comparison of the differences between relapsing and progressive MS. Arrows indicate release, while inhi...
Innovative pro-regenerative treatment strategies for progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS), combining neuroprotection and immunomodulation, represent an unmet need. Neural precursor cells (NPCs) transplanted in animal models of multiple sclerosis have shown preclinical efficacy by promoting neuroprotection and re...