At the aggregate level, quantitative studies that look at multinational production generally rely on the concept of sales of foreign affiliates, which is a gross concept that includes the value of intermediate inputs. In the case of trade, the literature has recently shifted to a value-added ...
It points out the difference between value added in trade and trade in value added in terms of analysis approach. However, when calculating trade in value added, the value added rate, an important measurement of the production and income relations, is regarded only as an exogenous variable, ...
In Gao's eyes, "Made in China" has always been a crucial part of the global supply chain, bridging supply and demand. "China's manufacturing accounts for over 30 percent of global production, which is a remarkable achievement." However, he observed a recent shift in the roles of Chinese ...
This approach posits that a producer can capture more than its valued added, which allow small and medium sized enterprises to challenge the advantage of large multinational corporations in terms of resources and capacities. Essentially, SMEs can compete against large MNEs by co-ompeting. This ...
needed to prevent multinational enterprises from crowding out domestic industries, locking local producers into the lower value added segments of the production process and creating undesirable social and environmental impacts. daccess-ods.un.org 还需要政策应对以防止跨国企业将本 国产业挤出市场、将 本 ...
In terms of development, multinational corporations generally pay better than domestic companies, making them more attractive to the local labor force. They are usually favored by the local government because of the substantial amount of local taxes they pay, which helps boost the country’s economy...
control over production and investment; the scaling-up of political authority to entities such as the European Union; the emergence of global protest movements; neoliberalism and the gutting of the welfare state in the global North; the debt crisis in the global South; the phenomenon of unauthoriz...
In that, the Aramco chief executive echoed the concern of Saudi Energy Minister Abdulaziz bin Salman, who has repeatedly said that low investments in new oil production are the basis of higher oil prices. Indeed, Aramco's Nasser sa...
“We are in the means of looking for new opportunities” in large-scale production projects, Vela told a Brazil-Texas Chamber of Commerce event on the sidelines of the Offshore Technology Conference (OTC). “Where? Where we can ...
They find that not only did US based multinationals expand their scale of production and employment in reforming countries after IPR reform but industry-level value added in reforming countries, particularly in technology-intensive industries, also increased. Branstetter et al. (2011) also examine the...