We develop a geometric formulation of fluid dynamics, valid on arbitrary Riemannian manifolds, that regards the momentum-flux and stress tensors as 1-form-valued 2-forms, and their divergence as a covariant exterior derivative. We review the necessary tools of differential geometry and obtain the ...
The momentum in the horizontal direction inside the control volume at any time t is, with x˙ denoting dxl dt,mℓ(ℓ−x)x˙, and the net momentum outflux is [mℓx˙]x˙. Thus, if T denotes the tension at the corner point of the rope at time t, we have Sign in to ...
Energy-momentum and anglar momentaum densities in gauge theories of gravity. Phys Rev D 62: 104014 DESIGN NOTE: A moment-of-momentum flux mass air flow measurement device Effect of baffle on gravity-gradient-excited slosh waves and spacecraft moment and angular-momentum fluctuations in microgravity...
However, more elaborate description can be found in Chapter 4, Treatise on Process Metallurgy, Volume 2: Process Phenomena. For a generalized flow of a Newtonian fluid, Stokes developed expressions for viscous momentum flux based on the primary assumption that the fluids are isotropic. Details ...
Upward Momentum Transfer in the Marine Boundary Layer This paper focuses on the study of momentum flux between ocean and atmosphere in light winds and is based on the data collected during several field campai... AA Grachev,CW Fairall - 《Journal of Physical Oceanography》 被引量: 1653发表: ...
Wind Turbulence over Misaligned Surface Waves and Air-Sea Momentum Flux. Part Ⅰ: Waves Following and Opposing Wind Air-sea momentum and scalar fluxes are strongly influenced by the coupling dynamics between turbulent winds and a spectrum of waves. Because direct field o... NT Husain,T Hara,PP...
Scattering matrix measurement The complex scattering matrix S relates the incoming with the outgo- ing flux-normalized modes through a set of 2N linearly independent equations (2N = 20 is the total number of propagative modes, ten from each side): ψout = S ψin. Solving the ...
for each formulation are listed in Table1withffollowing from them. In Table1,Eis the electric field,His the magnetic field,Dis the electric displacement field,Bis the magnetic flux density, ε0is the free-space permittivity, μ0is the free-space permeability,cis the speed of light in vacuum...
forcein the direction of flow. Friction will operate in all directions at right angles to the flow but the net sum of all these (vector) forces must be zero. In contrast, thenet fluxof heat or mass, which arescalar quantities, must be finite in the plane of the surface. In this ...
In both studies (Henning et al., 2007, Pastoor et al., 2008), the authors did not report asymmetric synthetic jet excitation. Synthetic jet actuators create a zero-mass-flux jet formed entirely from the working fluid of the flow system and it has the favourable feature of transferring ...