The effect of solvents on the molecular weight of polyacrylonitrile obtained by anionic polymerization with butyllithium was investigated. The molecular weight was found to decrease with increase in the dielectric constant of the solvents or their solvating power in the following order: petroleum ether ...
Natural polymers are the most promising alternatives to petroleum-based plastics for developing biodegradable food packaging films. However, the brittleness and lack of active protection of films from most natural polymers pose a challenge to their practical application. The addition of plasticizers and ...
preferred aliphatic hydrocarbons being the fractions accumulating during distillation of the naturally occurring mixtures, such as petroleum ether, light petrol or petrol, whilst examples of aromatic hydrocarbons are benzene, toluene and xylenes; aliphatic and aromatic chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as dichlor...
2018,Re-exploration Programs for Petroleum-Rich Sags in Rift Basins Chapter Polymers Polymer Classes Inorganic Inorganic polymersare macromolecules in which the primary backbone of themolecular chainis composed of atoms other than carbon. Examples of inorganic polymers includepolysilanes(Si–Si bonds),po...
Fig. 3: Liquid and surface applicability of LCICD effect. aDegree of LCICD (quantified byρout/ρinandJout/Jin) under the induction of water, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO),N,N-dimethyl formamide (DMF), EtOH, and petroleum ether (PE) with varying contact durations. The error bars are stand...
The natural products synthesized by organisms that were living a long time ago gave rise to their molecular fossils. These can consist of either the original unchanged compounds or they may undergo peripheral transformations in which their skeletons rema
Add anhydrous ether or petro- leum ether through the upper end of the Soxhlet extrac- tor condensate tube to two-thirds of the volume of the receiving bottle. Then, the device is heated on a water bath, so that the anhydrous ether or petroleum ether is continuously pumped back, the ...
(9) t-butanol, (11) pentaerythritol/trimethylolpropane mixture and (12) diethylene glycol monobutyl ether; the esterification of polyisobutenyl fumaric acid with (3) sorbitol, (8) polyethylene glycol and (10) propylene oxide; and the esterification of di(polyisobutenyl) maleic acid with (7) ...
Then, petroleum ether (60–80 °C) was added, and the solution cooled to 0 °C. The solid was filtered and the solution was purified by distillation to give the pure product as a light orange oil; 32.35 g; yield, 89.4%. The product was kept under argon in the fridge [54]. 2.3....
It is usually desirable to use an equimolar ratio of the reagents and to add a non-reactive solvent such as petroleum ether or diethyl ether. When the compound II contains certain functional groups, the procedure is best modified to use an alkoxide base, such as sodium methoxide (Method A)...