Low molecular weight organic acidsPhosphoruEffects of low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs; citric acid, oxalic acid and tartaric acid) on phosphorus (P) adsorption by ferric-alum water treatment residuals (FARs) were studied. Both batch and column experiments indicated that the effects of ...
Elemental analyses (CHN) were performed at the microanalytical unit, Faculty of Science, Cairo University on a Perkin Elmer 2400 elemental ana- lyzer. The analysis of chloride ions was performed by the familiar Volhard method using a standard AgNO3 solution and ferric alum as an indicator [...
the iron source is at least one selected from the group consisting of ferric nitrate, ferric chloride and iron oxide, the gallium source is at least one selected from the group consisting of gallium nitrate, gallium sulfate and gallium oxide, the titanium source is at least one selected from ...
of aluminum isopropoxide, aluminum ethoxide and aluminum butoxide, the boron source is at least one selected from the group consisting of boric acid, borate salt, borax and diboron trioxide, the iron source is at least one selected from the group consisting of ferric nitrate, ferric chloride ...
Inorganic coagulants consisting of aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride, and polyaluminum chloride usually require a large dosage and produce a high amount of sludge [17,18]. Synthetic flocculants, e.g., polyacrylamides, are extensively used because of their superior performance and limited sludge ...