16 The retail price of more advanced smartphones can be as high as €500, but is much lower for feature phones 13 European Mobile Industry Observatory 2011 Meanwhile, the introduction of prepaid offers has allowed more budget-conscious consumers to access mobile services at a low entry cost, ...
In order to reduce the idle time of each accelerator, the data partitioning method tends to divide data workloads into smaller sizes, which increases the cost of sub-task synchronization. On the other side, task partitioning does not need to deploy FPGA resources to all sub-tasks, because ...
The design of the data-flows depicted by Figure 3 is the result of the calibration of the system step of the framework, after simulating the delay cost of the tasks in each device for each application context. Other input information can drive to other suitable configurations for distributing ...
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MOX is popular owing to its sensitivity, reliability, low deployment cost, and low complexity in electronic parts, making it a viable choice for mobile robots [4]. However, the sensor is subject to drawbacks, including high operating temperature with high power consumption owing to the ...
2018, 7, 285 2 of 13 These sensors are primary used in autonomous vehicles (AV) or for security/surveillance, but they can be also applied in low-cost mapping systems, for instance, on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). In terms of data processing, Velodyne has introduced a new open ...
We find that the optimization of P2 can be decoupled into K sub-problems with regard to the number of active MECSs, and the series of problems G{K}, in order to find the minimum delay cost for each sub-problem K, which follows the solution for the P1. Stage 2: In this stage, ...
First, no obstacles are present near the robot. The mobile robot moves toward the target until it encounters the obstacle (point 1), when the angle between the direction of the mobile robot and the target is larger than threshold A (point 2). At this time, the mobile robot judges to ...
The cost-effective Velodyne laser scanner (a spinning multi-beam laser unit) can rapidly capture a high volume of data and has been used in many mobile mapping systems and robotics applications [9–11]. Over the past few years, a great deal of research has been devoted to modeling the ...
A low-cost eye-tracking device used in our experiments is crucial in the stability. The user's head must be stable and the eye tracker must snapshot the eye frame in certain positions. Although this situation is difficult to set-up, it is preferred because it is inexpensive and robust in...