In cells where migration represents a crucial function in their physiology, such as T and tumoral metastatic cells, mitochondria need to be fragmented and recruited to specific subcellular regions to make movement possible. In depth analysis of this role of mitochondrial dynamics should help in ...
An interesting slant has been placed on this problem of relationship between the host and the bacteria which make up the microbiome. It is pointed out thatthiamine is an essential cofactor for all organisms, including bacteriaand the role that gut microbes play in modulating thiamine availability i...
to assemble and make ready for action : marshal mitosisnoun a process that takes place in the nucleus of a dividing cell and that results in the formation of two new nuclei with the same number of chromosomes as the parent nucleus compare meiosis ...
Mitochondria arose through a fateful endosymbiosis more than 1.45 billion years ago. Many mitochondria make ATP without the help of oxygen. AaAaAa What variety is there in mitochondria? Mitochondria occur in various forms across variouseukaryoticgroups, yet considerations on the origin of mitochondria ...
If the inner mitochondrial membrane or outer mitochondrial membrane wall is damaged, this machinery can be exposed to free radical damage. This causes wear and tear and can lead to less energy being produced. To make matters worse, if the mitochondrial wall is compromised, some free radicals can...
Mitochondria arose from an ancestral bacterium and contain their own genome (mtDNA), which encodes 13 proteins involved in the respiratory chains. However, greater than 98% of the total protein complement of the organelle is encoded by the nuclear genome and plays a crucial role in mitochondrial ...
(division of outer and inner mitochondrial membranes). All of these molecules are GTP-hydrolyzing proteins (GTPases) that belong to the dynamin superfamily. The different regulation of these proteins and their binding partners is a framework that scientists use to understand mitochondrial dynamics in...
These proteins take part in (1) the ETC that conserves energy through chemiosmosis to make ATP, (2) the mitochondrial ribosome that supports the translation of genes encoded in the mitochondrial genome, many of which encode ETC components, (3) the Krebs cycle that feeds reduced cofactors (NADH...
tumour cells adopt properties that make them more motile; and, immune cells become less anti-tumorigenic and more helpful to cancer cells. Third, mitochondrial genetics and biochemical processes are associated with every step of the metastatic cascade and with all four of the proposed hallmarks of ...
Mitochondria are the only organelles that contain their own genome – the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The mtDNA encodes proteins essential to electron flow through a series of protein complexes called the respiratory chain (also known as electron transport chain, or ETC) (Wallace, 2015). As its ...