As artificial intelligence (AI) models continue to scale up, they are becoming more capable and integrated into various forms of decision-making systems. For models involved in moral decision-making (MDM), also known as artificial moral agents (AMA), interpretability provides a way to trust and ...
However, the precise value of Mmin, especially for low-probability, high-consequence events, can have a substantial impact on the predicted seismic hazard. A number of research have shown that defining Mmin requires a more thorough methodology. Bommer and Crowley (2017), for example, stressed ...
It’s hard to believe that a polar bear specialist would claim that their predictions have come true, given the facts of the matter: that polar bears arguably number over 30,000 worldwide and regions with the most dramatic sea ice declines have not documented reduced polar bear health or sur...
HCF is an iterative algorithm like ICM or the simulated annealing approaches, however, the number of visited pixels per iteration normally declines with each iteration. For each pixel in turn, HCF maximizes the conditional probability PXij|O,Xkl,allkl≠ij in a similar way to ICM. In ...
Namibian oxygen minimum zone Jessika Fu¨ ssel, Phyllis Lam, Gaute Lavik, Marlene M Jensen1, Moritz Holtappels, Marcel Gu¨ nter and Marcel MM Kuypers Department of Biogeochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany Nitrite oxidation is the second step of nitrification...
In this way, the overall latency of the unit is linearly proportional to the number of stage of comparators log2(C) where C is the number of distances. In this paper, we propose a novel hardware centric algorithm with the objective to reduce the latency for the minimum distance searching ...
Nonetheless, common movements like walking and reaching can be stereotypical, and a very large number of studies have shown their energetic cost to be a major factor. In contrast, one might think that general movements are very individuated and intractable, but our previous study has shown that...
We found that only 41.38% of the information items were covered by the majority of the papers (and deemed important by the survey respondents) and a large number of important items are not covered at all, like those related to testing and versioning policies. Conclusions We believe that the ...
This paper presents a novel branch-and-price algorithm for MLP that strongly relies on new features for the ng-path relaxation, namely: (1) a new labeling algorithm with an enhanced dominance rule named multiple partial label dominance; (2) a generalized definition of ng-sets in terms of ...
3. A sum of money set by a nightclub or restaurant as the least amount each patron must spend on food and drink. 4. Mathematics a. The smallest number in a finite set of numbers. b. A value of a function that is less than any other value of the function over a specific interval...