According to the definition of meteorological drought,considering cumulative effect of drought,a daily meteorological drought indicator is presented based on the standardized antecedent precipitation index(SAPI),and the applicability of SAPI were examined by using daily precipitation data of 632 meteorological...
Meteorological drought starts with the decrease of successive rainfall amount (dry spells) below the long-term precipitation average in an area or location. The meteorological drought duration is also a location-dependent concept. A general definition based on precipitation amounts and duration states ...
Since the primary interest of this study is in accumulated rainfall deficits to address meteorological drought conditions, the Standardized Precipitation Index25 (SPI) based definition of meteorological drought with an averaging period of 1 month is used. Droughts are classified as moderate (SPI <...
Globally, model uncertainty is the dominant factor in the early 21st-century drought projections, while scenario uncertainty becomes the dominant factor toward the end of the century. At the regional scale, the contributions of different sources of uncertainty vary significantly. Uncertainty associated ...
And the annual drought intensity was defined as the arithmetic mean of the drought intensity for total meteorological stations for each year. The definition of season is as follows: winter covers January, February, and December of last year, spring is from March to May, summer is from June ...
Due to the multifaceted nature, there is a lack of consensus on the definition of droughts (Van Loon, 2015). Drought usually starts from a deficit in precipitation, known as meteorological drought, which further translates to hydrological drought. Hydrological drought is recognized by the deficits ...
Meteorological drought indicators used in the present model include: Annual rainfall, climate change, Coefficient variation (CV) of annual rainfall, climate, ratio of the number of arid years with SPI <-1 to the number of total years in each station, ratio of the number of vernal arid ...
2.3. Definition of drought events using the run theory The run theory was first adapted for use in analysis of drought by Yevjevich (1967) to describe large continental hydrologic droughts. This theory defines a drought event as a period or “run” over which the observation of a variable ...
According to the definition provided by Gijbels and Mielniczuk (1990), the joint distribution function of drought duration D and drought intensity S is:(14)F(d,s)=P(D≤d,S≤s)=C(FD(d),FS(s)) Common theoretical binary Copula functions include the Normal, Gaussian, t, Clayton, Frank,...
Climate change has already reduced system reliability in WECC, with extreme heat and drought exacerbated by climate change driving outages in California in 20204. We model WECC in terms of its constituent sub-regions in a representation similar to the one WECC uses in its western assessment of ...