Anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is recognized as kinetic bottleneck in water electrolysis. Transition metal sites with high valence states can accelerate the reaction kinetics to offer highly intrinsic a
20. It is reasonable to conjecture that diffusion along metal/ceramic interfaces will be comparable to that along other internal interfaces (e.g., GBs in metals). Yet, metal–oxygen bonds (in
(Huang et al., 2014). The surface properties of MOs are mainly governed by the density of oxygen particles and also the ionic nature of the metal-oxygen bond. Moreover, the large surface area of MOs enables the analyte to effectively interact. The surface oxygen introduces different ...
Fig. 5a showed that ZnCo2O4 nanosheets had two strong characteristic peaks at 664 cm−1 and 571 cm−1, corresponding to the vibration peaks of the octahedral metal oxygen bond. In addition, there was a weak absorption peak around 470 cm−1, which corresponded to the vibration peak of...
26,27,28], which contains two half-reactions, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) [29,30,31,32]. The anodic OER has been considered as the bottle neck for water splitting due to the sluggish four-electron transfer process and the formation of O–O bond...
The downside of copper as a final finish is that copper reacts readily with sulfur, oxygen or even chlorine to form copper oxide (CuO or Cu2O), copper sulfide (CuS), copper sulfate (CuSO4) or various halides. Any of these compounds have a major impact on the conductivity of copper and ...
The effect of polarity of a covalent bond is magnified in the case of a hydrogen atom bonded to an atom of either fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen. In simple molecules, the distortion of the electron cloud is large, causing the hydrogen atoms to be slightly positively charged. For instance, ...
Erickson EM, Oruc ME, Wetzel DJ et al (2014) A comparison of atomistic and continuum approaches to the study of bonding dynamics in electrocatalysis: microcantilever stress and in situ EXAFS observations of platinum bond expansion due to oxygen adsorption during the oxygen reduction reaction. Anal...
2a. All the curves display a prominent peak at about 1.5 Å, corresponding to the nearest coordination shell of the metal-oxygen bonds (Cu-O; Supplementary Fig. 7). The relatively weak peaks at about 2.0 Å and 2.7 Å could be assigned to the higher shell contribution of the...
tailoring the number of metal-oxygen bonds can be achieved by H2-reduction treatments or other strategy on reducible oxides23,24, whereas often at the cost of destabilizing the catalyst, arousing aggregation of single atoms. Therefore, strategies to regulate the MSI as well as the catalytic perfo...