可能是计算机上的一块底板(a motherboard in a computer),也许是一个烤面包机(toaster),网络路由器,脑移植物(brain implant)或者CPU测试仪。CPU与外界有三种主要的通信方式:内存地址空间(memory address space),IO地址空间(I/O address space)以及中断(interrupt)。这里我们仅关注底板与内存。 在底板上,CPU通过前...
可能是计算机上的一块底板(a motherboard in a computer),也许是一个烤面包机(toaster),网络路由器,脑移植物(brain implant)或者CPU测试仪。CPU与外界有三种主要的通信方式:内存地址空间(memory address space),IO地址空间(I/O address space)以及中断(interrupt)。这里我们仅关注底板与内存。 在底板上,CPU通过前...
Linux将address space分割成user space和kernel space,通过PAGE_OFFSET内核参数来进行控制,32位系统最大4GB内存 (2^32)默认值是0xc0000000,lower 3GB配置为user space,高地址1GB为kernel space。然后再从user space 给各个程序分内存,kernel独占kernel space。 这些虚拟内存里面的各个page 会被MMU通过page table map到...
The MIPS architecture uses 32-bit memory addresses and 32-bit data words. MIPS uses a byte-addressable memory. That is, each byte in memory has a unique address. However, for explanation purposes only, we first introduce a word-addressable memory, and afterward describe the MIPS byte-...
address which has been translated by a memory map unit. The data referenced by the physical address is supplied by the cache when the block of memory containing that data is present in cache however, the address is rerouted to the main memory for fulfillment when that data is not present....
The set is chosen by the address of the data: If there are n blocks in a set, the cache placement is called n-way set associative. The end points of set associativity have their own names. A direct-mapped cache has just one block per set (so a block is always placed in the same...
just as the cache is. An address in block 0 of main memory maps to set 0 of the cache. An address in block 1 of main memory maps to set 1 of the cache, and so forth until an address in blockB− 1 of main memory maps to blockB− 1 of the cache. There are no more blocks...
s hardware architecture and allows the use of memory sizes substantially greater than physical memory through backing stores. It also permits processes to have nonfragmented address spaces, regardless of how physical memory is organized or fragmented. In order to implement such a scheme, four key ...
Abufferis a main memory address in which the buffer manager temporarily caches a currently or recently used data block. All users concurrently connected to a database instance share access to the buffer cache. Purpose of the Database Buffer Cache ...
<div p-id="p-0001">A processor is disclosed that can map a request from a central processing unit that uses memory-mapped input-output space to a second processing domain, such as a multithreaded proc