This male, unlike all the previously tested XYY males, proved fertile early in life but soon became sterile. When the observations from all seven XYY males that have now been described are considered together, it is concluded that there is usually a severe impairment of spermatogenesis leading ...
In mammals, all female germ cells initiate meiosis during fetal life, whereas male germ cells enter meiosis regularly throughout postnatal life5. In the mouse embryonic ovary, all germ cells switch abruptly from mitosis to meiosis between 13.5 and 15.5 days post conception (d.p.c.). In the ...
Meiotic recombination requires the specific RecA homolog DMC1 recombinase to stabilize strand exchange intermediates in most eukaryotes. Normal DMC1 levels are crucial for its function, yet the regulatory mechanisms of DMC1 stability are unknown in any organism. Here, we show that the degradation of...
Quantitative PCR and microarray experiments Total RNA was prepared using TRIzol reagent (Life Technologies). Reverse transcription of total RNA was performed using QuantiTect Reverse Transcription (Qiagen) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Quantitative PCR was performed using the ABI 7500 real...
PCR. Afterward, the mean fragment size of the libraries was determined using the Agilent 2100 bioanalyzer (DNA High Sensitivity Kit). Quantification was performed using the library quantification kit using a StepOne Real-Time PCR System (Life Technologies, Inc., USA). High-throughput paired-end ...
PCR primers are listed in Table S2. We used a reverse transcription system (Fermentas, Burlington, Ontario, Canada) to reverse-transcribe RNA from each sample into cDNA. The iTaq™ Universal SYBR Green supermix (Bio-Rad) and iQ5 multicolour real-time PCR system (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, ...
giving off that scent but also because of everything she has eaten in her life and the brands of soap she has used, in other words because of what is called, in quotes, culture, and also her way of walking and of sitting down which comes to her from the way she has moved among ...
In addition, the mRNA expressions of cell cycle-related genes (i.e., cell division control 2 and cell cycle protein B) were determined by quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction to illustrate the molecular mechanism of abnormal meiosis in the 3nCC. The results showed that the 3nCC ...
Further analysis using real- time RT-PCR indicated that the SDS expression was suppressed and lower than that in WT (Figure 3A). The SDS-RNAi lines developed normally during the vegeta- tive stage, but seed production was severely disrupted as compared to WT plants. The mean seed setting ...
Retinoic acid (RA) has been proposed as a meiosis-inducing substance, both in fetal female germ cells and in postnatal male germ cells.3–5 RA physiologically induces meiosis in female oocytes during fetal life,3,4 whereas the same action in fetal gonocytes is prevented by the presence of...