Background: There are increasing reports of propylene glycol (PG) toxicity, which is used in many medications as a solvent for water-insoluble drugs. Polypharmacy may increase PG exposure in vulnerable PICU patients who may accumulate PG due to compromised liver and renal function. The study aim...
Critically ill patients are often treated with continuous intravenous infusions of sedative drugs. However, this is associated with high risk for over-sedation, which can result in prolonged stay in the intensive care unit. Recently introduced protocols (daily interruption and analgosedation) have prov...
Preservatives play an important role in the formulation of topical ophthalmic medications, with their primary role being to provide antimicrobial activity to maintain sterility. However, many preservatives can also cause damage to ocular tissues, especially in the case of long-term use. In general, t...
The midazolam intranasal formulation includes several organic solvents including ethanol, PEG-6 methyl ether, polyethylene glycol 400, and propylene glycol.21 The diazepam nasal spray formulation includes dodecyl maltoside (Intravail® A3; 0.25% w/v), an alkylsaccharide, and vitamin E.10,22,38 ...
Vehicle: Any solvent or carrier fluid in a pharmaceutical product that has no pharmacological role. For example, water is the vehicle for xilocaine, and propylene glycol is the vehicle for many antibiotics. NEED A VET? USA:Find Your Local Avian Veterinarian ...
(available outside the United States), propylene glycol-urea-lactic acid, ketoconazole (Nizoral cream, Xolegel), such as terbinafine (Lamisil cream), tavaborole 5% solution (Kerydin), toliaftate (Tinactin), naftifine (Naftin), butenafine (Lotrimin), griseofulvin (Gris-PEG), ciclopirox (Ciclo...
methyl propyl ketone, n-hexane, n-heptane, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl acetate, methylene dichloride, ethylene dichloride, propylene dichloride, carbon tetrachloride, nitroethane, nitropropane, tetrachloroethane, ethyl ether, isopropyl ether, cyclo-hexane, cyclo-octane, benzene...
“plasticizers” and include, for example, citric acid esters, adipates, azelates, benzoates, citrates, stearates, isoebucates, sebacates, propanetriol acetate, polyethylene glycols, diethyl phthalate, dibutyl sebacate, propylene glycol and ethylene glycol. Citric acid esters are preferred, and ...
There is an increasing number of reports of propylene glycol (PG) toxicity in the literature, regardless of its inclusionon the Generally Recognized as Safe List (GRAS).1 PG is an excipient used in many medications as a solvent for water-insoluble drugs. Polypharmacy may increase PG exposurein...
There is an increasing number of reports of propylene glycol (PG) toxicity in the literature, regardless of its inclusion on the Generally Recognized as Safe List (GRAS).1 PG is an excipient used in many medications as a solvent for water-insoluble drugs. Polypharmacy may increase PG exposure...