Responses were used to create binary indicators of improvement or deterioration. Improvement was defined as having the highest recalled functional status prior to surgery and maintaining that status or as moving from a lower to higher functional status. Deterioration was defined as having the lowest re...
12 Covariates included patient age, sex, race/ethnicity, Medicaid eligibility status (“dual eligibility”), and patient-level Elixhauser comorbidity indicators for 31 conditions.16 Race and ethnicity were defined using standard fixed categories available in Medicare claims and originally provided to ...
Using the above definitions and REGARDS study data, we defined the presence of two high risk conditions among REGARDS-Medicare linked participants (N = 6,615): Condition 1: High risk for CHD events Condition 2: Very high risk for CHD events We...
NH characteristics and health status were derived from MDS assessments. The outcome was defined as type of BAM initiated after admission (selective, non-selective extended release, non-selective immediate release). Multinomial logistic regression using generalized estimating equation methodology determined ...
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Year 1 was defined as April 1 to December 31, 2016, and years 2–5 were defined as the 2017–2020 calendar years. CMS randomized 196 eligible MSAs into treatment (bundled payments) or control (status quo FFS). Specifically, MSAs were divided into eight strata based on the interaction of ...
3. The phrase, “services beyond the usual preoperative and postoperative care” associated with the procedure emphasizes the fact that all procedures as defined in the Resource-Based Relative Value Scale (RBRVS) system of reimbursement that Medicare uses include a certain amount of preoperative and ...
Concurrent medication use was defined as the number of distinct drug prescriptions filled in the 14 days prior to antihypertensive initiation. As a proxy for sociodemographic status, we identified whether beneficiaries were eligible for the Medicare low-income subsidy (LIS) program. LIS offers ...
We defined the start of the intervention as January 1, 2015, and the end of the intervention as December 31, 2015. We then created indicators for each period (ie, baseline, intervention, postintervention) and calendar time and used these indicators in a segmented linear regression model to ...
Exposures Self-reported race and ethnicity and low socioeconomic status (SES) (defined by low income or less than a high school education) vs high SES (neither low income nor low educational attainment). Main Outcomes and Measures Performance on 22 measures of quality and satisfaction determined ...