COPD is caused by long-term exposure to cigarette smoke, chemicals or fumes at work, air pollution, or other irritants. Over time, exposure to these toxic substances damages the airways and makes them less elastic. The walls between the air sacs are destroyed, making it difficult for the al...
A regional term for drug of choice. Medspeak (1) A condition in which bodily function is interfered with or damaged, resulting in characteristic signs and symptoms. (2) The loss of a state of wellness due to either a failure in physiologic adaptation mechanisms or an overwhelming of the nat...
a woman should balance her risk of getting breast cancer against her risk of getting heart disease, and decide how bad her menopause symptoms are. Most doctors agree that short-term use of estrogen for those women with symptoms of hot flashes or night sweats is a sensible choice as long as...
Surgery for RA Surgery is for people who have suffered joint damage that seriously limits their ability to move normally. It basically comes down to joint replacement. While hip and knee replacements are the most common types of this surgery, other joints can also be replaced, including those i...
characterized by increasing pain, stiffness, and limitation of motion. There are three stages to the condition: thepainful stage(3 to 8 months long); theadhesive stage(4 to 6 months long); and therecovery stage(1 to 3 months long). Sometimes popularly called by the misleading termfrozen ...
Psychosurgery Surgery on the brain is very rarely recommended for patients with anxiety; however, some patients with severe cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have been helped by an operation on a part of the brain that is involved in OCD. Normally, this operation is attempted after ...
are passionate about Spinal Health and ensuring that our patients can live their best lives in their bodies. At Reco Spinal Centre we work with you to identify the cause of your pain and build a bespoke care package that both alleviates immediate discomfort and focuses on long-term well-being...
indel term for the insertion or the deletion of bases INK4 inhibitor of kinase 4 iNKT cells invariant natural killer T cells iNO inhaled nitric oxide iNOS inducible nitric oxide synthase INR international normalized ratio; international normalized ratio of prothrombin assay data INRT involved nodal ra...
organs or parts of the body. The interplay of severalin vitroandin vivofactors is responsible for the clinical success of implants. However, similar to other artificial materials, implants have a finite lifespan, typically following long-term use. Load-bearing implants/prostheses are typically subje...
Parkinson's disease is a common age-related and progressive disease of brain cells (brain disorder) that affect movement, loss of muscle control, and balance. Usually, the first symptoms include a tremor (hand, foot, or leg), also termed a "shaking palsy." Some experts term the disease as...