Much of this response has focused, appropriately, on the mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells, and in particular the binding of the spike (S) protein to its receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), and subsequent membrane fusion. This Review provides the structural and ...
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been shown to bind to the host receptor neuropilin-1 in order to gain entry into the cell. To do this, the virus utilizes its spike protein polybasic cleavage site (PCS), which mimics the CendR motif of neuropilin-1's ...
Coronaviruses entry into host target cells is dependent on the binding of S glycoprotein to a specific cell receptor and the subsequent priming of the aforementioned protein by host cell proteases. SARS-CoV-2 uses the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) host receptor for internalization and, ...
The S1 domain of SARS-CoV-2 can bind to the transmembrane ACE2 receptor, mediating the direct entry of viruses into cells. SARS-CoV-2 and human proteins have similar peptide sequences, and antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 can cross-react with human proteins through molecular simulation [124, 12...
SARS-CoV-2 [1]. Details of the procedures adopted are given in the Supplementary Information. Immunofluorescence images of VeroE6/TMPRSS2 cells are shown for (a) non-inoculated cells (mock), (b) cells inoculated with virions unexposed to the Si3N4 powder (sham), and (c) cells ...
of SARS. In the first half of February, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), in charge of the designation and naming of the viruses (i.e., species, genus, family, etc.), thus definitively named the new coronavirus as SARS-CoV-2. This article highlights the main ...
In this pandemic SARS-CoV-2 crisis, any attempt to contain and eliminate the virus will also stop its spread and consequently decrease the risk of severe illness and death. While ozone treatment has been suggested as an effective disinfection process, no precise mechanism of action has been prev...
During viral infection there is dynamic interplay between the virus and the host to regulate gene expression. In many cases, the host induces the expression of antiviral genes to combat infection, while the virus uses “host shut-off” systems to better
Nirmatrelvir is a specific antiviral drug that targets the main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 and has been approved to treat COVID-191,2. As an RNA virus characterized by high mutation rates, whether SARS-CoV-2 will develop resistance to nirmatrelvir is a question of concern. Our previ...
This cleavage activates the formation of the postfusion conformation of spike, which is necessary for SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells (7, 8). Intriguingly, the S1/S2 junction is part of a recently identified superantigen motif on the SARS-CoV-2 spike that has been proposed to interact ...