In this review, we introduce the history and four general mechanisms of epigenetic modulation and systematically summarise recent progress regarding the roles of epigenetic regulation in metabolic diseases as well as the underlying mechanisms. Besides, we discuss the clinical applications of epigenetic regu...
DNA methylation is a normal and universal modification in eukaryotic cells. It is also the main epigenetic form of gene expression regulation in mammals. There are several ways of methylated modification, but most of them occur on cytosine phosphate guanine (CpG) islands in the gene promoter regio...
Epigenetic mechanisms involved in the regulation of these genes were investigated by bisulfite sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays. We showed that low levels of MHC class-I molecules were associated with absent or reduced expression of the transporter associated with antigen ...
Epigenetic mechanisms may be the main driving force for critical changes in gene expression that are responsible for progression of prostate cancers. The three most extensively characterized mechanisms for epigenetic gene-regulation are (i) changing patterns of DNA methylation, (ii) histone acetylations...
EpigeneticHistone modificationSynaptic plasticityThe induction of inflammatory or neuropathic pain states is known to involve molecular activity in the spinal superficial dorsal horn and dorsal root ganglia, including intracellular signaling events which lead to changes in gene expression. These changes ...
[H3-H4]2tetramer in the inner core that inherits epigenetic information and two [H2A-H2B] dimers in the outer shell that express that information (Fig.6b). Lysine acetylation in the nucleosome would have a duality of epigenetic inheritance and expression, depending on which histone it is in....
The development of TCRαβ and TCRγδ T cells comprises a step-wise process in which regulatory events control differentiation and lineage outcome. To clarify these mechanisms, we employed RNA-sequencing, ATAC–sequencing and ChIPmentation on well-defined thymocyte subsets that represent the continuum...
of a particular gene. Furthermore, it mentions that augmenting the binding of additional transcription activators to a single-guide RNA or dCas9 can intensify the expression of target exons. In sectionc, it states that when dCas9 is fused with epigenetic regulators, it can either repress or ...
Here, we summarize the regulatory mechanisms of TMEM16A expression in cancer cells, and TMEM16A expression is controlled via transcriptional regulation, epigenetic regulation, and microRNAs (Fig. 2). Fig. 2 TMEM16A expression is upregulated via transcriptional regulation, epigenetic regulation and ...
The loss of the stem cell pool is believed to be the cause of the normal tissue injuries and stem cells have been proven to be highly radiosensitive compared to differentiated cells. Stem cell radiosensitivity is regulated by pluralistic mechanisms that involve both epigenetic and molecular signaling...