self-amplifying mRNA (SAM)INTRODUCTION: The present review summarizes the growing body of work defining the mechanisms of action of this exciting new vaccine technology that should allow rational approaches in the design of next generation mRNA vaccines. Areas covered: Bio-distribution of mRNA, ...
Application field of mRNA vaccines. Legend: The mRNA vaccine delivery systems primarily encompass three categories: 1) Carrier-based delivery systems, including lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), cationic nanoemulsions (CNEs), cationic peptides (e.g., protamine), viral replicating particles (VRPs), and pol...
(AZD1222), uses double-stranded DNA, while the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines include single-stranded RNA to encode the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Reference: Parums DV. Editorial: SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccines and the Possible Mechanism of Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia (VITT)...
Lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-formulated mRNA vaccines were rapidly developed and deployed in response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Due to the labile nature of mRNA, identifying impurities that could affect product stability and efficacy is crucial to the long-term use of nucleic-acid based medicines....
Lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-formulated mRNA vaccines were rapidly developed and deployed in response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Due to the labile nature of mRNA, identifying impurities that could affect product stability and efficacy is crucial to the long-term use of nucleic-acid based medicines....
Some societies are worry about the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine administration and the potential risk of genetic integration of inoculated mRNA into the human genome. Although the efficacy and long-term safety of mRNA vaccines have not yet been fully clarified, obviously their application has switched the...
The COVID-19 products, designated as modRNA vaccines because they use a modified form of messenger RNA (mRNA), are not classified as gene therapy products, unlike comparable products against a non-infectious disease such as cancer, the ...
models [92]. DC vaccines developed using CD133 mRNA and MUC1 mRNA along with CTLA4 blockade have shown enhanced immune response and inhibition of tumor growth using in vivo murine TNBC models [93,94]. Several clinical trials are in progress to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of DC vaccines ...
before reaching the nuclear pore complex. "This reduces infection and triggers reactions activating the immune system," says Greber. Too much of these reactions triggers inflammation. Notably, both vector-based and mRNA vaccines against coronavirus require just the right amount of these reactions to...
models [92]. DC vaccines developed using CD133 mRNA and MUC1 mRNA along with CTLA4 blockade have shown enhanced immune response and inhibition of tumor growth using in vivo murine TNBC models [93,94]. Several clinical trials are in progress to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of DC vaccines ...