46 Some factors are involved in the development of the mammary glands to a functional state (mammogenesis), others in the establishment of milk secretion (lactogenesis), and others in responsibility for the mai
Many cases are detected at a later stage when the area becomes inflammed secondary to ulceration and infection, especially in long‐haired cats. Although a solitary neoplastic mass may be the only tumor found, there is often severe dysplasia of the uninvolved mammary glands.10,25...
In rodents, the assessment of drug-induced changes in the mammary glands is complicated by species differences in hormonal regulation of mammary gland development and function, perhaps compounded by the artificial physiological state of overfed laboratory animals. The development and function of the ...
30 In a2V-KO mice, we found a slight but not statistically significant upregulation of the a1 isoform at the mRNA level (data not shown). Immunohistochemistry of pubertal and virgin adult mammary glands (Figure 2c) and immunofluorescence of mammary glands from virgin and pregnant mice (Figure...
Interestingly, lack of TRAF6 did not affect the number of LPC and MaSC colonies derived from epithelial cells of prepubertal glands (Fig. 3e–h and Supplementary Fig. 4B), indicating that TRAF6 is dispensable for the generation of MaSCs and LPCs in the prepubertal stage. Thus, TRAF6 is ...
Interestingly, mammary glands of lst mice appear normal, as do other ventral (but not dorsal) structures in which Alx-4 is expressed [45–47], although it is not clear to what extent the mammary glands from these animals were analyzed. Iroquois-related At least five members of the Iroquois...
insulin, proteine, utero, glande mammaire, proteinas, kidneys, pituitary gland, glandulas mamarias, rinones, insuline, uterus, veau, proteins, culture de cellule, insulina, glandula pituitaria, females, femelle, rein, calves, mammary glands, cultivo de celulas, ternero, cell culture, hypophys...
(rat tissues at 4–6 weeks are less magnified than mouse and human tissues at the same age). Evaluation of similar life stages demonstrates the similarities and differences between the rat and mouse mammary glands and the human breast. In childhood, puberty, and adulthood, the mouse ...
In rare instances, more than two teats may be fused together; such large, conglomerate teats are referred to as “Christmas tree” teats because of their multibranched appearance. Animals with supernumerary teats also may have supernumerary mammary glands—a condition referred to as hypermastia. As...
2020). However, for Dasypus novemcinctus the position of the mammary gland is assembled such that females have two pairs of mammary glands (thoracic and inguinal) and males have only one (inguinal), as is the case with another armadillo species, Euphractus sexcinctus (Alves et al. 2018). ...