Port operations in the Gulf of Bothnia require the assistance of icebreakers as the ice covers remain for a long time, from the end of January to April and for the northernmost ports from mid-December till May; however, in the Gulf of Finland, the icebreaking season lasts only for 3 mo...
Ports all over the world were regularly visited by Norwegian ships, captains and crews, but Table2.3illustrates that some were more important than others.Footnote19The high concentration of world trade is evident—the 12 most important ports made up more than a quarter of all port calls in the...