Optimal rational approximation of the fractional-order Butterworth filter (FBF) based on a two-step design procedure is proposed. Firstly, the coefficients of the squared magnitude function of an approximant which matches the squared magnitude response of the ideal (1?+?伪)-order FBF, where 0伪...
A second-order lowpass Butterworth filter, normalized in magnitude and in frequency, has a transfer function H(S)=1S2+2S+1We would like to obtain a new filter H(s) with a dc gain of 10 and a half-power frequency Ωhp=100rad/sec. The dc gain of H(S) is unity, in fact when ...
Butterworth to a fourth order Butterworth filter. We must also change the all pass filters on the top woofer and horn from first order to second order Butterworth. Once we use an all pass filter greater than first order we must be sure to match its alignment, or Q, to that of the low...
It is integrated, passed through a second-order one-way high-pass Butterworth filter of 0.075 Hz for removing the low-frequency drift after the integration process, and integrated and filtered again to obtain the displacement waveforms, ud(t). The displacement is then differentiated to obtain the...
It is integrated, passed through a second-order one-way high-pass Butterworth filter of 0.075 Hz for removing the low-frequency drift after the integration process and integrated and filtered again to obtain the displacement waveforms, ud(t). The displacement is then differentiated to obtain ...
After a series of trials using different low-pass corner frequencies, we chose to apply a zero-phase-shift, low-pass Butterworth filter with a corner frequency of 3Hz, which provided the best results in terms of the correlations between the observed ground-motion quantities and moment ...
Revisiting the use of squared magnitude function for the optimal approximation of (1+alpha)-order Butterworth filterFractional-order Butterworth filterSquared magnitude functionOptimizationGenetic algorithmPowell's methodCurrent feedback operational amplifier...
Fractional-order Butterworth filterOptimizationSymbiotic organisms searchCurrent conveyorsIn this paper, six optimal fractional-order transfer functions (FOTF) to approximate the magnitude characteristics of a fractional-order highpass Butterworth filter (FHBF) are presented. A novel cost function is proposed...
Low-pass magnitude specifications for an IIR filter: (a) linear scale, (b) loss scale. 12.3.1.1 Loss Function As for analog filters, the linear-scale specifications shown in Figure 12.5(a), do not give the sense of the attenuation and thus the loss or log-specification in decibels (dBs...
of the endpoint in the shaded area was effectively null. All force data was low-pass filtered using a zero-lag, second-order Butterworth filter with a cutoff frequency of 20 Hz. The change in the filtered force signal along thex-axisdFx, which is plotted in the bottom panel of Fig.1...