A related concept, the relative permeability, denoted by μr, also used in the SI unit system is defined as (9)μr=μμ0. Magnetic susceptibility denoted by χ, is closely related to the relative permeability through (10)χ=μr-1 and to M and H through (11)M=χH. The magnetic sus...
Its magnetic flux density is denoted as B. Here, magnetic flux which enters the loop formed of the coils 1 and 2 becomes 0 on the whole because of complete diamagnetism by the superconduction. When detection magnetic flux phi1 is interlinked with the coil 1 at a detection position, ...
denoted by the symbolρd, its viscosity, represented by the variableηd, and its relative permittivity, symbolized byμd. Conversely, the continuous phase within the microchannel exhibits its own distinct set of properties, which encompass its density, represented by the symbolρc, its ...
(D) Levels of TLR4 mRNA were determined by qRT-PCR during the first 24 h of SMF exposure. In all cases the data shown represents three or more independent experiments (denoted as n≥ 3 in subsequent figure legends) and error bars represent standard (SD); in Panels A, C, and D, p ...
A related concept, the relative permeability, denoted by μr, also used in the SI unit system is defined as (9)μr=μμ0. Magnetic susceptibility denoted by χ, is closely related to the relative permeability through (10)χ=μr-1 and to M and H through (11)M=χH. The magnetic sus...
The loss process is usually denoted by an imaginary part of the dielectric constant, ε". Higher temperatures randomize molecular motion and lessen the relative effect of the ordered phase lag. This explains the unusual result that the absorption of high-frequency electric fields in water is ...
Magnetic field strength:refers to the size of the magnetic field somewhere in space, expressed by H, and its unit is ampere/meter (A/m). Magnetization:refers to the vector sum of the magnetic moment per unit volume inside the material, denoted by M, and the unit is ampere/meter (A/m...
Data used in this study include the coronal index (CI) from Jan 1, 1939 to Dec 31, 2008, synoptic magnetographs (denoted as MFs hereafter) from Carrington rotations 1625 to 2078 (Feb. 1975–Dec. 2008), and the small-scale magnetic elements (Component-II) of (4.27−38.01)×1019 Mx...
The lines of force surrounding a permanent magnet are called its magnetic flux, denoted by the symbol F. The amount of flux per unit area perpendicular to the magnetic flow is called the magnetic flux density, also known as magnetic induction. It is usually represented with B. In an MKS sy...
The physical effect of acoustic-Brownian interaction, which generates a voltage can be denoted by voltage \( V_{in} \) (Fig. 6a). Using Kirchoff’s votlage law, we can write the following equation42, $$ L\frac{d^2q}{dt^2}+R\frac{dq}{dt}+\frac{q}{C_a}=V_{{\rm in}} $...