The second: the solar magnetic field (MFs) from synoptic magnetographs. The third: CI measured at the east limb. And the fourth (bottom) panel: CI at the west limb. The vertical thick dashed lines show the minimum times of the solar cycles. Full size image Cross-correlation analysis is ...
into the normal, nonsuperconducting state whenH>Hc(phase transition of the first kind). The critical magnetic fieldHccorresponding to this transition is related to the difference between the free energies of the normal phase (Fn) and the superconducting phase (Fsc) by the formulaFn−Fsc=Hc2/...
respectively with the magnetic fieldMFs(red thin line) and the small-scale magnetic elements (Component-II, blue thin line), at a certain month. The thick red/blue line is the 12-point smoothing of the corresponding thin red/blue line, and the two horizontal dashed lines...
(a) Magnetic field components; (b) ion bulk velocity components; (c) ion density; (d) ion temperature; and (e) ion energy spectrogram. local LMN coordinates at the dayside magnetopause, the axis L and the axis M point are approximately north- ward and duskward, respectively, and the ...
We have a magnetic dipole located at the origin of a spherical surface of radius R. The dipole moment is denoted as M. Step 2: Define the Magnetic Field of a DipoleThe magnetic field B at a point in space due to a magnetic dipole moment M is given by the formula:B(r)=μ04π(3...
It is well known that the polar magnetic field is at its maximum during solar minima, and that the behaviour during this time acts as a strong predictor of the strength of the following solar cycle. This relationship relies on the action of differential rotation (the Omega effect) on the po...
Substituting (10) into the Lorentz term, [Math Processing Error], we find its individual terms:(13)[Math Processing Error]Up to this point, everything is exact and no assumptions about the relative magnitudes of the different components of the flow and field, or the length scales on which ...
Each predicted model coefficient at time t(yr) is estimated from the behavior of the field (in practice, of the model coefficients) over the previous Δt = l years and extrapolated into the close future from the epoch t0 as (4)where . Therefore, using for instance Δt =l =...
the magnetic field intensity,B, does not appear to be well correlated with any individual plasma parameter. In this article, we discuss previously under-reported correlations betweenBand the combined plasma parametersNV2as well as betweenBandNT. These two correlations are strong during periods of ...
Ip, J.T.C., Sonnerup, B.U.: Resistive tearing instability in a current sheet with coplanar viscous stagnation-point flow. J. Plasma Phys. 56(2), 265–284 (1996) [Sect. 13.5] Google Scholar Iroshnikov, P.S.: Turbulence of a conducting fluid in a strong magnetic field. Sov. ...