NK cells eliminate viral-infected and malignant cells through a highly orchestrated series of cytoskeletal rearrangements, resulting in the release of cytolytic granule contents toward the target cell. Central to this process is the convergence of cytolytic granules to a common point, the microtubule-...
CellsCulturedCentrifugationDensity GradientCytoplasmic GranulesCytotoxicityImmunologicNK cell cytotoxicity requires the formation of an actin-rich immunological synapse (IS) with a target cell and the polarization of perforin-containing lytic granules toward the IS. Following the polarization of lytic granules,...
We show that LAMP1 silencing causes inhibition of NK-cell cytotoxicity, as LAMP1 RNA interference (RNAi) cells fail to deliver granzyme B to target cells. Reduction of LAMP1 expression affects the movement of lytic granules and results in decreased levels of perforin, but not granzyme B, in ...
Mature perforin and granzyme are stored in specialized secretory lysosomes called lytic granules. Target cell recognition, typically mediated by the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) on CTLs or by activating NK receptors on NK cells, mobilizes these granules, which move toward the immune synapse (IS)...
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune lymphocytes that provide critical defense against virally infected and transformed cells. NK-cell cytotoxicity requires the formation of an F-actin rich immunologic synapse (IS), as well as the polarization of perforin-containing lytic granules to the IS...
Target cell recognition, typically mediated by the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) on CTLs or by activating NK receptors on NK cells, mobilizes these granules, which move toward the immune synapse (IS) and fuse with the synaptic membrane, releasing their contents into the intercellular space4. ...
For comparison, we also analysed IL2-activated NK cells (NKD4) from the same donors (Fig. 2a). The average number of granules per cell section was similar in all three conditions, but the number of granzyme B-loaded granules was about twice as high in γδD4 T cells compared to γδ...
(mean ± SD; 10 cells/sample). The results show that before biotin addition GZMB has a low co-localization with lytic granules (marked by LAMP-1), while after biotin addition the co-localization increases in a time-dependent fashion, indicating that after release from the ER GZMB is ...
The cells forming a kinapse revealed a clear longitudinal polarization, with a wide actin-rich edge, a central LFA-1-rich area, and dispersed lytic granules. To assess the lytic granule confinement function of the active LFA-1 cluster belt, the positions of individual perforin dots were over...
NK cell activation triggers serial events leading to lysis of diseased cells: 1) granule convergence, preformed lytic granules rapidly cluster to the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC), 2) granule/MTOC polarization to the immunological synapse, and 3) degranulation, exocytosis of lytic contents ...