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In addition, the adjective scale of acute and chronic pain describes the duration of a disease/condition, not its signs/symptoms; therefore, it should not be coded as being “associated with radiculopathy”. Another unclear term is “facet irritation—Facettenreizung”, coded by M54.5. The ...
Third, SCS should be also considered in case of neuropathic pain (i.e., failed back surgery syndrome, arachnoiditis, complex regional pain syndrome, causalgia, peripheral neuropathy, chronic radiculopathy), whereas in case of nociceptive symptoms or central neuropathic pain is not effective [83]. ...
pain patients with HSs reveals a significantly lower number of CD4+CD8+T cells (p =0.031), CD3−CD56brightNK cells (p =0.049) and CD20+CD3−cells (p= 0.007).Conclusions: To conclude, it seems that a general conformity between the pathomechanisms of different chronic pain diseases exists...
Low back pain affects individuals of all ages and is a leading contributor to disease burden worldwide. Despite advancements in assessment and treatment methods, the management of low back pain remains a challenge for researchers and clinicians alike. On