They were less effective for inflicting sufficient damage to sink carriers, however, and were involved in only 7% of carrier sinkings. Torpedoes launched by submarines and by aircraft were both involved in sinking more carriers than kamikazes, even during the final year of the war after kamikaze...
The institute builds scale models of ships, submarines, oil rigs and yachts and trials them in one of three pools that can recreate waves and ice conditions. “We invented the technology; we perfected it. And it’s why all the syndicates come to us,” says communications co-coordinator...