Hofstede 在《 cultures and Organizations Software of the Mind》一书中提到:在IBM的调查问卷中,研究人员没有考虑到中国儒家文化元素。但是通过对儒家文化的研究他提出了另一个重要的中西文化差异维度: 长期倾向性和短期倾向性的差异 (Long-term orientation vs Short-term orienation)。 长期倾向性是指:提倡追求未...
Which country has a short-term orientation? The United States has a short-term orientation according to Hofstede's cultural dimensions. This means that people in the United States are more likely to be motivated by immediate results and quick innovation than by long-term planning o...
short-term关注的是过去跟现在。“传统”代表着过去，也许可以理解为“因循守旧”，无需太多改变，沿用过...
Grimsley, Shawn
Short-term Orientations Theme 3: Critical thinking about different cultures Definition A society's "time horizon," or the importance attached to the future versus the past and present: • Long Term Orientation (LTO) stands for the fostering of virtues oriented towards future rewards, in ...
valueshasbeendonebyGeertHofstede.Hisempiricalstudiesofwork-relatedvalueshavebeenextendedto74countries.Hehasidentifiedfivemajordimensionsalongwhichculturalvaluesvary:highvs.lowpowerdistance,individualismvs.collectivism,masculinityvs.femininity,uncertaintyavoidancevs.uncertaintyacceptance,andshort-termvs.long-termorientation....
that could not be deduced. Therefore, Hofstede created a Chinese value survey which was distributed across 23 countries. From these results, and with an understanding of the influence of the teaching of Confucius on the East, long term vs. short term orientation became the fifth cultural ...
a如果想更深入比较中美两国文化差异,可以参照霍夫斯塔德文化差异的五个维度,里面有五方面的比较。即个权力距离,人主义和集体主义,不确定性规避,男性气质和女性气质,长期导向和短期导向。 If wants to compare the China and America cultural difference thoroughly, may refer to Hove the Studd cultural difference ...
aGeet Hofstede, the famous Dutch international expert of management, divides the dominant pattern of culture into five dimensions by theoretical and statistical analyses: “Individualism VS Collectivism, Uncertainty avoidance, Power distance, Masculinity VS Femininity and Long-term orientation VS Short-term...
Long-term orientation (LTO) was introduced by Hofstede in 1991 as the fifth dimension of national cultures. Hofstede (2001, p. 359.) defined LTO as follows: “Long Term Orientation stands for the fostering of virtues oriented towards future rewards, in particular, perseverance and thrift. Its ...