Hofstede 在《 cultures and Organizations Software of the Mind》一书中提到:在IBM的调查问卷中,研究人员没有考虑到中国儒家文化元素。但是通过对儒家文化的研究他提出了另一个重要的中西文化差异维度: 长期倾向性和短期倾向性的差异 (Long-term orientation vs Short-term orien
short-term关注的是过去跟现在。“传统”代表着过去，也许可以理解为“因循守旧”，无需太多改变，沿用过...
short-term orientations. Utilizing Hofstede's long-term orientation index, this study scrutinizes both long- and short-term performance measurements for companies from Western Europe, Japan, and the United States. The findings suggest that Western European companies place an equally higher priority on...
Which country has a short-term orientation? The United States has a short-term orientation according to Hofstede's cultural dimensions. This means that people in the United States are more likely to be motivated by immediate results and quick innovation than by long-term planning o...
Short-term Orientations Theme 3: Critical thinking about different cultures Definition A society's "time horizon," or the importance attached to the future versus the past and present: • Long Term Orientation (LTO) stands for the fostering of virtues oriented towards future rewards, in ...
valueshasbeendonebyGeertHofstede.Hisempiricalstudiesofwork-relatedvalueshavebeenextendedto74countries.Hehasidentifiedfivemajordimensionsalongwhichculturalvaluesvary:highvs.lowpowerdistance,individualismvs.collectivism,masculinityvs.femininity,uncertaintyavoidancevs.uncertaintyacceptance,andshort-termvs.long-termorientation....
Therefore, Hofstede created a Chinese value survey which was distributed across 23 countries. From these results, and with an understanding of the influence of the teaching of Confucius on the East, long term vs. short term orientation became the fifth cultural dimension....
LongTermOrientation CulturalDimensions-“CulturalOrganizations:So"wareoftheMind” Basedon:GeertHofstede,withGertJanHofstede&MichaelMInkov Definition LongTermOrientationstands forthefosteringofvirtues orientedtowardsfuture rewards,inparticular perseveranceandthrift.It’s oppositepole,ShortTerm Orientation,standsforfos...
Long-term orientation (LTO) was introduced by Hofstede in 1991 as the fifth dimension of national cultures. Hofstede (2001, p. 359.) defined LTO as follows: “Long Term Orientation stands for the fostering of virtues oriented towards future rewards, in particular, perseverance and thrift. Its ...
By the way, this Long Term Orientation Hofstede dimension is known under two names: LTO and CDI, or Confusion Dynamism Index. Coming Up With Examples Of Long Term Orientation Is Difficult Why is this so? Because many of the examples are hard to understand for low-scoring countries like the...