for some function f(⋅), and where yk denotes the channel observation of uk which exists only for systematic codes. Logarithmic Expression of the BCJR Algorithm When implemented as above, the BCJR algorithm su
9.3.5 Solid-State Kinematics for Mechanical Problems For describing finite deformation kinematics associated with complex loading situations, two basic approaches are conceivable. The first method, referred to as the Lagrange presentation, describes the movement of each elementary unit as a function of ...
In previous sections, we learned the properties and rules for both exponential and logarithmic functions. We have seen that any exponential function can be written as a logarithmic function and vice versa. We have used exponents to solve logarithmic equations and logarithms to...
ranging from a couple of problems to a full writing assignments. Objectives: By the end of this unit, students will be able to do the following: -graph an exponential function including transformations by hand -graph a logarithmic function including transformations by hand ...
Time-varyingcostfunctionsindynamicalsystemscanbeusedtomodelunpredictabledynamic resourceconstraints,andthetrackingofadesiredsequenceofexogenousstates.Atapinch,ifwe havechanging(even,strongly)convexlossfunctions,theoptimalcontrollerforalineardynamical systemisnotimmediaycomputableviaaconvexprogram.Forthespecialcaseofquadrati...
This function is equivalent to y=xy=x. Answer Application 1: Air pressure 1. By pumping, the air pressure in a tank is reduced by 18% each second. So the percentage of air pressure remaining at time tt is given by p = 100(0.82)t. Plot p against t for 0 < t < 30 s on (a...
The function of the estimator is then to estimate the input power PIN, that is, to produce an output PEST such that the power measurement error is, on average, minimized, based on the following information: 1. Measurement of the not-completely-accurate detector output voltage VOUT 2. ...
3320530Quasi-logarithmic multimeter for providing an output which is a linear function of the logarithmic of the input1967-05-16Pearlman 3092779Circuits for converting electric signals logarithmically for detectors and the like1963-06-04De Niet
Logarithmic compression is also inherent to cepstral speech recognition, since a logarithmic function allows the excitation signal in speech to be subtracted from the effect of filtering by the vocal tract. Many speech-recognition front-ends are therefore designed to produce output bits that represent ...
aFigure 8 (a) presents the double logarithmic plots of the UC emission intensity of NaYF4:Yb3+, Er3+ microcrystals in reference sample as a function of excitation power density. 图8 () 礼物UC放射强度的双重对数剧情NaYF4 :Yb3+, Er3+ microcrystals在参考样品作为励磁功率密度功能。[translate]...