He was then reassigned to Rome as ambassador to Fascist Italy. He served in that position until 1940 when Italy declared war to France. Arrested by the Gestapo during the wartime German occupation of France, François-Poncet was imprisoned for three years. In 1949, he was named French high...
He was then reassigned to Rome as ambassador to Fascist Italy. He served in that position until 1940 when Italy declared war to France. Arrested by the Gestapo during the wartime German occupation of France, François-Poncet was imprisoned for three years. In 1949, he was named F...
absolute monarchies, present-day authoritarian regimes, and juntas). Historically, the establishment of dictatorial regimes has usually been connected with periods of sharp intensification of the class struggle (for example, the rise of Franco’s dictatorship in Spain and the fascist dictatorship in Naz...
Also applies to refuting an argument by simply calling it a "fallacy," or declaring it invalid without proving why it is invalid, or summarily dismissing arguments or opponents by labeling them "racist," "communist," "fascist," "moron," any name followed by the suffix "tard" (short for ...
The author's casual dismissal of Blacklist targets, in comparison with what artists had faced in fascist regimes and under Axis occupation in the previous decade, is also problematic. While these views were absent in U.S. commercial media, they were an important part of international discourse ...
Environmental and telecommunications events and issues at Harvard, MIT, and around the Boston, MA area.
作者:Mark Lilla 简介:European history of the past century is full of examples of philosophers, writers, and jurists who, whether they lived in democratic, communist, or fascist societies, supported and defended totalitarian principles and horrific regimes. But how can intellectuals, who should be ...
of traditional Marxist thought and so is considered a key neo-Marxist. He was a founding member and one-time leader of the Communist Party of Italy and was imprisoned by Benito Mussolini's Fascist regime. He wrote more than 30 notebooks and 3,000 pages of history and analysis during his ...
He struggled to find a musical language distinct from the extremes of modernism but without any association with fascist aesthetics. His early compositions were inspired by Busoni, Kurt Weill and Schoenberg. His theatre collaborations with Neher and Bertolt Brecht were also of importance for the ...