Lipids include a diverse group of compounds that are largely nonpolar in nature. This is because they are hydrocarbons that includemostly nonpolar carbon–carbon or carbon–hydrogen bonds. Non-polar molecules are hydrophobic (“water fearing”), or insoluble in water. Why all macromolecules are not...
To date, more than 1000 different lipid species have been identified in eukaryotes, with functions ranging from energy storage and membrane structure to cellular signalling and organelle cross-talk (Van Meer et al.2008). Lipids are hydrophobic or amphipathic small molecules built up entirely or in ...
Autophagy is one of the two major degradation pathways in cells supporting cell survival by recycling metabolic components under stress conditions (Ubiquitin-proteasome system being the other pathway). It is initiated by sequestering cytosolic organelles or macromolecules in double-membrane vesicles and del...
Autophagy is one of the two major degradation pathways in cells supporting cell survival by recycling metabolic components under stress conditions (Ubiquitin-proteasome system being the other pathway). It is initiated by sequestering cytosolic organelles or macromolecules in double-membrane vesicles and del...
Lysosomes are cytosolic vesicles that function as cellular recycling stations, where over 50 acid hydrolases digest all major macromolecules of the cell to breakdown products available for metabolic reutilization [150]. Additionally, they serve as major endocytic, Ca2+ signaling and more recently as met...
“Amino Acid and Dipeptide Functionalized Polyolefins,” Macromolecules, vol. 36, No. 7, pp. 2206-2214 (2003). Meekel, A., et al. “Synthesis of Pyridinium Amphiphiles Used for Transfection and Some Characteristics of Amphiphile/DNA Complex Formation,” Eur. J. Org. Chem., vol. 4, pp....
Finally, since the peptide structures are constant, the number of molecules present in the film on compression can be monitored through intensity changes. The intensity of amide I band, IAI, is sensitive both to the surface concentration (n/S), where S is the film surface during the compressi...
In cell-to-cell communication, exosomes also serve as vehicles for shuttling various biological molecules between cells for regulatory purposes, including membrane receptors, proteins, mRNA and microRNA1. Exosomes transport biofunctional materials to neighbouring cells via endocytosis, including tetraspanin ...
molecules are confined to the bilayer, they are free to exhibit a variety of motional modes such as vibration, rotation, and translation. The second element of the fluid mosaic hypothesis deals with the disposition of the protein components of the membrane. These components are immersed to ...
Further studies are needed to determine the specific binding sites of CD36 on caveolin molecules and their signal regulation pathways, which may provide a patho- logical implication in lipid-related diseases. Abbreviations HDL: High Density Lipoprotein; HEPES: 4-(2-Hydroxye- thyl)-1-Piperazine...