Photosynthesis in plants converts light energy to chemical energy and is accompanied by photorespiration, which involves peroxisomes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts1. Photorespiration is essential for plant survival under high-intensity light and prevents photoinhibition, which damages photosynthetic machinery ow...
Developmental outcomes are shaped by the interplay between intrinsic and external factors. The production of stomata—essential pores for gas exchange in plants—is extremely plastic and offers an excellent system to study this interplay at the cell line
Light is essential for plant growth, but excessive light energy produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can seriously damage cells. Mutants defective in ATG (autophagy related) genes show light intensity-dependent leaf damage and ROS accumulation. We found that autophagy is one of the ...
S1). Therefore, a frequency domain mask is applied to the noisy 1-order spectrum to retain the high-energy spectral peak region while zeroing out the low SNR data region outside this window, as illustrated in Additional file 1: Fig. S2. Because the limited mask almost encompasses the ...
Answer to: Energy stored within the molecules of ATP is in the form of ___ energy. a. kinetic b. heat c. potential d. nuclear e. light. By...
Silver/gold sections were cut on a Leica Ultracut R (Leica, Buffalo Grove, IL) and stained in uranyl acetate and lead citrate, and images were captured by a Gatan Orius SC 200S CCD camera (Gatan, Pleasanton, CA) in a JEOL 1400 electron microscope (FEI, Hillsboro, OR). Dual Fluorescent...
is instrumental in catalyzing light-induced water-splitting reactions, which result in the generation of electrons, protons, and molecular oxygen. The core of PSII is associated with peripheral light-harvesting antennae to enhance the absorption cross-section of PSII. Solar light is captured by ...
According to the truth, each rotation of the motor generates a pulse, the rising or falling edge between the two pulses could be considered as a motor period, so the modulation angle of excitation at each frame was determined by the captured frame pulse of the camera recorded synchronously. ...
Interorganellar communication coordinates gene expression of nuclear and organelle genomes and is essential to ensure cell fitness. In some eukaryotes, bidirectional communication between mitochondria and nucleus regulates the processes such as life span (yeast), cell cycle (Drosophila) or tumour progression...
The ER is the most prominent organelle and the hub of the organelle interactome18,19, and this organelle has never been resolved by live-cell imaging without labeling6,20,21. Due to the improved spatiotemporal sensitivity, we observed vigorous movement of dim tubular structures resembling the ER...