For healthspan and lifespan, ERK, AMPK and mTORC1 represent critical pathways and inflammation is a centrally important hallmark1–7. Here we examined whether IL-11, a pro-inflammatory cytokine of the IL-6 family, has a negative effect on age-associated
Keywords: lifespan optimization; optimal replacement; circular economy; efficiency degradation; energy efficiency; learning curve; residential heating system; gas boiler; lifespan profile; environmental assessment1. Introduction The concept of circular economy (CE) is experiencing increased attention [1] and...