The current dogma is to avoid the use of epinephrine on end-artery areas, including fingers, ears, nose, lips, penis, and toes. However, a recent review on the use of local anesthesia with epinephrine in a digital block challenges this dogma (Mohan and Cherian, 2007). To be safe, ...
Ion channel currents were recorded by means of a patch clamp technique. The cells cultured on the cover glass were placed in a chamber fixed to a microscope stage and continuously perfused with extracellular Saline (A) solution (in mM); 150 NaCl, 5 KCl, 1 MgCl2, 0.01 CaCl2, 1 EGTA, 10...