There is provided limonene epoxide polymer prepared by polymerizing monomeric limonene epoxide dissolved in an inert polar solvent at a temperature ranging from between about -20°C. and about -150°C. in the presence of an inorganic, non-metallic, fluoride catalyst, such as boron trifluoride ...
Below is an indicative example using [bmim]-Fe2Cl7 as Lewis acid catalyst and toluene as solvent. Deviations from this procedure are based on changes to either the Lewis acid or the solvent, as detailed in Tables 1–3. βP was filtered through a basic alumina column and degassed for 30 ...
The strength of interaction of a Lewis acid–base pair depends on the size, shape and relative energies of the LUMO of the acid and the HOMO of the base, in addition to steric effects from both components [80]. Consequently, the strength of a Lewis acid depends on the base it is inter...
Catalyst deactivationHeterogeneous catalysisTetrameric Ti(IV)鈥揷alix[4]arene complexes were synthesized and characterized as well as grafted on a hydroxylated SiO 2 inorganic support as an example of patterned Lewis-acid sites on an inorganic oxide surface. These complexes consist of a novel calix...
A series of monomeric Lewis acid-base adducts of the Diels-Alder catalyst Ti(O-2,6-Me(2)C(6)H(3))(2)Cl(2) have been synthesized from bidentate diphosphines and diamines, Ti(O-2,6-Me(2)C(6)H(3))(2)Cl(2)L(2) (L(2) = dmpe, depe, dpeda, and dmeda). X-ray crystal...
conditions that mimic the reaction of a monomeric p-allyl palladium intermediate during one catalytic cycle (see the Supporting Information). As hypothesized, the addition of Lewis acid co-catalyst [(salen)Cr III F] (3) led to a 10-fold ...
The reduction of CO2 into formic acid or its conjugate base, using dihydrogen, is an attractive process. While catalysts based on noble metals have shown high turnover numbers, the use of abundant first-row metals is underdeveloped. The key steps of the
Once the Lewis base or Lewis acid is released from the complex, the polymerization reactions involved are similar to those for curing an epoxy resin with a tertiary amine (Figure 3.5). Sign in to download full-size image Figure 3.5. Polymerization of epoxy with a Lewis base catalyst: (a) ...
13. A stable catalyst composition comprising an admixture of (a) a Lewis acid being characterized as having a "Selectivity Parameter" (I/E)MCPgreater than about 0.5 and being represented by the formula MXn, wherein M is a Group IIIA element of the Periodic Table, X is a halogen and n ...
at least one epoxide group with at least one compound B which contains at least one carboxylic acid group, wherein A and/or B also contains at least one (meth)acrylate group, in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst which contains at least one directly bonded di(cyclo)alkylamino group. ...