Secondary effects to the central nervous system in the immune phase of the illness typically manifest as aseptic meningitis. However, neurologic sequelae can be diverse and, although rare, other central and peripheral neurologic presentations have been described including the Guillain-Barré syndrome....
The immune phase occurs between the 6th day and 12th day of illness when antibodies appear in serum; fever and other symptoms recur, and some patients develop meningitis. Weil syndrome is a severe form with jaundice and usually azotemia, anemia, diminished consciousness, and sometimes hemorrhagic ...
The illness falls into two phases, the septicaemic and the so-called immune. The diagnosis is confirmed by culture of blood and spinal fluid during the first phase, by culture of urine during the second and by serology. It is recommended that penicillin be given as quickly as possible. ...
Weil's disease is a secondary phase of a form of a bacterial infection also known as Leptospirosis. Leptospirosis can infect almost any animal where it is harboured in the kidneys, but most commonly it is found in rats and cattle, and is spread by their urine. It is not known to cause...
Following an initial, acute phase of infection, leptospires will localize and survive in the renal tubules of the kidney, being excreted in the urine of maintenance hosts for months to years. Humans and domestic animals can be incidental or accidental hosts for leptospirosis, and though incidence...
The classical manifestation of leptospirosis has been described as ‘biphasic’ pattern, an early nonspecific leptospiraemic phase lasts for a week followed by an immune phase with complications during the second week of illness. This biphasic course of leptospirosis dictates the selection of specimens ...
In untreated cases, a spirochetemic phase is followed by an immune phase. During this phase of spirochetemia, organisms can be found in the blood, cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), aqueous humor, and most tissues [3]. A more severe manifestation of leptospirosis is the Weil’s syndrome ...
Such a tendency could be seen more clearly by comparing the speeds measured on MDCK and NRK (Fig.4b). Most of the measured strains showed faster crawling on MDCK (MDCK/NRK > 1). Dogs are susceptible to many pathogenicLeptospiraserovar strains, and in some cases serious illness develops...
Cytokine Response Signatures in Disease Progression and Development of Severe Clinical Outcomes for Leptospirosis BackgroundThe role of the immune response in influencing leptospirosis clinical outcomes is not yet well understood. We hypothesized that acute-phase serum... EAG Reis,JE Hagan,GS Ribeiro,....
the IL-17 and IL-10 cytokine levels were lower compared to the healthy controls. The lower expression of IL-17 among these patients with complications may be due to the patients being in the recovering phase of the illness (more than 9 days in this study) where the inflammation is decreasi...