The required procedures to design a lens including the simulations are explained in detail. The optical performance is investigated by using a numerical simulation of optical ray tracing. For evaluation, the results are compared with another recently published design method, showing the accurate ...
where Z = r[1 − cos(I − U)] as explained in Section 2.3. The choice of dispersion values depends on the region of the spectrum in which achromatism is desired. For ordinary visual achromatism, we trace the ray in d or e light and use Δn = nF − nC; for photographic ...
C Delaunay,F Jouhet - 《Advances in Mathematics》 被引量: 18发表: 2014年 Missing Class Groups and Class Number Statistics for Imaginary Quadratic Fields This observation is explained in part by the Cohen-Lenstra heuristics, which have often been used to study the distribution of the p-part ...
For the purpose of demonstrating the S3L capabilities, a double-channel driving saddle coil was designed, where the resonances for the nuclei 1H and 13C were achieved using trap circuits as explained in38. This choice is convenient, since depending on the target nuclei, only the double channel...
This way most of the shading and pixel processing is done in the area of the octagon, which is much smaller than the full rectangle, as explained in the pre-set configuration section. Because working in an octagon-shaped clip space introduces an additional coordinate space, existing shaders mu...
These modes of STEM image formation and others that we shall meet below can be explained in terms of a transfer function theory analogous to that derived for the TEM. This is not surprising, for many of the properties of the STEM can be understood by regarding it as an inverted TEM, the...
However, in comparison to the GZP, which has only one pair of conjugate foci at \(f\,=\,\pm r_1^2/\lambda\), the FZA has multiple foci with corresponding focal lengths \(f\,=\,\pm r_1^2/n\lambda ,\,n\,=\,1,3,5...\). The property can be explained by using Fourier ...
The apparent lack of the transient phenomenon can be explained by considering that supernovae explosions can happen in a short time and the brightness variation may not be recorded by the camera. Soon after the explosion, the brightness returns to the original value, which explains the flatness ...
Scientific Reports volume 12, Article number: 22202 (2022) Cite this article 1449 Accesses 1 Altmetric Metrics details Abstract Adherent cell cultures are often dissociated from their culture vessel (and each other) through enzymatic harvesting, where the detachment response is monitored by an operator...
Here, the strategy to improve the efficiency of FLA is presented and explained. The DLILS is a learning method based on opposition learning [36]. In Figure 2, the DLILS is depicted. There is an individual F (molecule) on the left of axis y, and its projection on axis x represents X...