There are six general tenses in Latin (present, imperfect, future, perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect), three moods (indicative, imperative and subjunctive, in addition to theinfinitive, participle, gerund, gerundive and supine), three persons (first, second, and third), two numbers (...
Beginning in Late Latin, three past participle endings, *-atu < -ātus, *-itu < -ītus (not < -itus; see below), and *-utu < -ūtus began to spread at the expense of bare -tus and -itus despite the latter’s high frequency in the 2nd and 3rd conjugations. This is another ...
However, Latin deponents often take active morphology for participle and gerundive forms. Late Latin, however, may be a different situation. There you see verbs switching from active to ‘deponent’ (at least, true deponency!) or vice versa moving from passive-only to active morphology. ...
only participle that uses n at the end whether in ens (sing nom) or entes (plur nom). e.g. tenens = holding Perfect Passive Participle having been verbed, 4pp. e.g. vulnerati = having been wounded Deponent Participle Use same endings as perf. pass. but are translated as having ver...
or the future active participle for other intransitive verbs. (Examples: asto, astare, asteti, astatum I assist, to assist, I assisted, assisted. sum, esse, fui, futurus. I am, to be, I was, about to be.) Intransitive verbs which take indirect objects may have impersonal passive voice...
ParticipleStem=PerfectPassiveParticiple=4thprincipalpartofverb Declinedwith1stand2nddeclensionendings laudatus,-a,-um FutureActive Recognizedbyitscharacteristic“ūr”with1stand2nddeclensionendings laudatūrus,-a,-um Examples aliquidnumquamanteaudītumcernō. ...