Pathological hypotheses have been proposed: A. loss-of-function of C9ORF72; B. repeat-associated non-AUG (RAN) translation, which is a G4C2 repeat synthesized without the need for a transcription start site; and C. toxicity caused by a dipeptide repeat protein, which is synthesized by the...
different types of neurons can be labeled by the expression of calcium indicators, which have a high detection rate for single action potentials [71]. In awakehSOD1G93Amice, motor neuron activity was monitored by expressing calcium indicator GCaMP6s [27]. Although...
The LCR images contained craniofacial bones, teeth, and C1-C5 of the cervical spine, which can provide more information about the development and ageing than IPR and DPR images. As shown in Fig.1a, we labeled several instances in LCR images according to the anatomical structure to quantitatively...
The third is the 2D heatmap generation from manually labeled 19 cephalometric landmarks to train the Ceph-Net based on a heatmap-based landmark detection approach. The fourth is the training process of the Ceph-Net including image resizing and normalization, data augmentation, and training of ...
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder involving both upper motor neurons (UMN) and lower motor neurons (LMN). Enormous research has been done in the past few decades in unveiling the genetics of ALS, successfully
BDA-labeled projection neurons varied widely in the shape and size of their cell somas, with mean cross-sectional areas ranging from 60-340 mm . Labeled projection neurons supported 7-55 dendrites that spanned up to 300 mm in length and formed dendritic arbors with cross-sectional areas of ...
The smallest bones in the body are found in the: a. nose. b. spine. c. ear. d. fingers. Identify the major features of the bones that comprise the upper limb. Differentiate between the facial bones and the cranial bones. The ___ is...
In the 9 patients in whom the MSCs were labeled with ferumoxides, MRI of the brain and whole spine was performed at 24 to 48 hours and at 1 to 3 months after injection of MSCs. Hypointense signals in T2-weighted images, indicating the presence of ferumoxides-positive cells, were ...
In the 9 patients in whom the MSCs were labeled with ferumoxides, MRI of the brain and whole spine was performed at 24 to 48 hours and at 1 to 3 months after injection of MSCs. Hypointense signals in T2-weighted images, indicating the presence of ferumoxides-positive cells, were ...
Nucleic acid was labeled using DAPI. B, C C9 and GC iPSCs were differentiated into motor neurons. C9-ALS and GC iPSC-MNs were either left untreated or treated with sodium arsenite (500 μM) for 1 hr; where indicated cells were let to recover in drug-free medium for 2 hrs ...