Marla is among the land measurement units that are common in the Indian subcontinent. However, the unit, which is most used in the northern states of Punjab and Haryana, is not as popular as other local units such as bigha or gaj or international units such as acre or hectare.A marla co...
We look at what constitutes a penthouse in India and the factors that differentiate it from other regular apartments. Anuradha RamamirthamNov 2024 What is 1 bigha land measurement in India? Here we explain how Indian states understand 1 bigha, area conversion into other units and FAQs a...
Changes in land use have an impact on ecosystem services by affecting soil quality. Thus, soil quality assessment using the soil quality index (SQI) can help better understand the LUC (land use change) impact on soil health. Methods This study was established to explore the soil quality of t...
The LGBPHS is utilized as a two-dimensional spatial image gradient measurement to emphasize the high spatial frequency regions based on the image edges. In addition, it is utilized to identify the absolute gradient scales at each point in a remote sensing image. Next, HOG and Haralick texture ...
This measurement was performed using the root-mean-square error (RMSE) to obtain pixel sizes of a common value. The satellite imagery was geo-referenced using ground control points (GCPs) and projected using the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) system projection. Subsequently, the geo-referenced...
Overall, the available methods generally focus on urban land use change characterization, index measurement, performance evaluation, and trend simulation. Due to their gap, to a certain extent, in the preparation, implementation, and evaluation of territory spatial planning, there is an urgent need ...
To perform AHP weighted overlay analysis, all of the criteria in this model have various sub-criteria. This study must have the same spatial resolution as other multi-criteria analyses so that it can be standardized. Standardization uniformizes measurement units, causing scores to lose dimension ...
Land subsidence is a major concern in vastly growing metropolitans worldwide. The most serious risks in this scenario are linked to groundwater extraction and urban development. Pakistan’s fourth-largest city, Rawalpindi, and its twin Islamabad, located at the northern edge of the Potwar Platea...
Modernising the control network for determining displacements in hydraulic structures using automatic measurement techniques. J. Water Land Develop. 2023, 59, 66–75. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] Kudas, D.; Wnęk, A.; Zając, E. Soil sealing changes in selected functional urban areas in ...
Therefore, Jining Yan proposed a Similarity Measurement-based Transfer Learning Time Series Adaptive Change Detection (SDTL-TSACD) model to detect land cover change [114]. Due the it is exist the speckle noise in SAR imagery, Wei Fang introduced a bi-objective fuzzy local information clustering ...