These adenosine triphosphates are subsequently metabolized to 2 adenosine diphos-phates, 2 inorganic phosphates, and 2 hydrogen ions to generate energy.2 Each lactate combines with 1 positive hydrogen ion to form lactic acid. Clinically, LA occurs when lactate reaches a level higher than 5 mmol/L...
Lactic acid was first discovered in sour milk in 1780, by Swedish scientist Karl Wilhelm Scheele (Kompanje et al. 2007). Originally named “Mjölksyra,” which means “acid of milk” in Swedish, its current name is derived from the Latin word for milk, lactis. In the mid-19th century...
This case demonstrates that lactic acid values should be interpreted (and treated) in the appropriate clinical context. lactate was repeated one hour later and resulted at 10.3 mmol/L. A standard urine drug screen, examining for amphetamines, ...
Lactate is one of the most crucial intermediates in carbohydrate and nonessential amino acid metabolism. The complexity of cellular interactions and metabolism means that lactate can be considered a waste product for one cell but a useful substrate for another; in fact, lactate has one of the ...
The steady flow of lactic acid (LA) from tumor cells to the extracellular space via the monocarboxylate transporter symport system suppresses antitumor T cell immunity. However, LA is a natural energy metabolite that can be oxidized in the mitochondria and could potentially stimulate T cells. Here...
Lactic acidosis is common in severely ill patients. We describe four patients with a lactic acidosis combined with other acid–base disturbances. In daily ... AVD Beek,PHEMD Meijer,AE Meinders - 《Netherlands Journal of Medicine》 被引量: 55发表: 2001年 ...
Lactic acid sustains the growth of cancer cells under glucose deprivation It has been reported that the inner pH of solid tumors can reach 6.3 ~ 6.8 in conjunction with glucose deprivation as severe as 1/10th of the normal blood sugar level, and the levels of lactic acid typically range...
Elevation of lactate, an organic acid, causes lactic acidosis, which results in reduction of intracellular pH. The low pH in turn activates the Na+/H+ exchange in the cell, which pushes H+ out in exchange for Na+. The influx of Na+ intracellularly then activates the Na+/K+-ATPase, ...
elood lactate and nyruvate were greatly increased in all infants and, in siblings 2 and 3 , there was marked elevation of nlasma alanine, proline and alutamic acid. Alanine and or01 ine were also elevated in sninal fluid. llrinary nvruvate and a-keto- glutarate were increased. The ...
Lactic acidMalignancyPregnancyWomen are unique from all other mammals in that lactic acid is present at high levels in the vagina during their reproductive years. This dominance may have evolved in response to the unique human lifestyle and a need to optimally protect pregnant women and their ...