labor cost and innovation varies across industries, time periods, and country-level institutions. Therefore, whether an increase in labor cost encourages innovation is an open empirical question. The economic literature typically analyzes the impact of labor cost on innovation advances at the aggregate ...
Although grandmaternal provided child care appears to benefit the labor force participation of daughters, this informal child care could come at a cost. This is so because most grandparents are in their working age and thus should reconcile their own jobs with the provision of grandchild care. Ho...
Development Relevance:The total tax rate payable by businesses provides a comprehensive measure of the cost of all the taxes a business bears. It differs from the statutory tax rate, which is the factor applied to the tax base. In computing business tax rates, actual tax payable is divided by...
located to the country’s east, as well as to a pool oflow-cost labor,while investing in the west offers ready access to both [...] paiz.gov.pl paiz.gov.pl 地区投资可使企业直接进入波兰东 部的外国市场,并能获得廉价的劳动力,而在波兰西部投资 则可以方便地进入捷克共和国和德国等欧洲的经...
A lower labor cost attracts greater Chinese investment in farmland, but the degree of influence declines with the continued increase in labor cost. Further, host country corruption, infrastructure level, and urbanization ratio have significant negative impacts on investment, whereas an increase in China...
However, that would be essentially choosing the reservation wage by fiat. A second alternative would be to add another error to the model, for example, by allowing the cost of search to be stochastic, in which case the reservation wage would be stochastic....
The feeling of some OEM enterprises in Xingyang is that orders have not been warmer, which has been relatively cold for two years. How should the domestic foreign trade processing enterprises cope with the low cost pressure of competition in Southeast Asia and other Southeast Asian countries?
by the inclusion of country dummy variables. WhileAddison and Grosso (1996)find a significantly positive effect on unemployment as well, it is not robust to the inclusion of country dummies. The positive hours effects may indicate that employers treat mandated severance pay as a fixed cost of ...
Labor productivity as well as labor cost can combine to give a nation a comparative advantage in an industrial activity and spur significant economic development. For example, in the technology sector, Mumbai, India, has developed global comparative advantage in software development. The presence of ...
"Labor Market Characteristics and Cross-Country Differences in Cost Stickiness". Working Paper, Temple University, Alter Hall, Philadelphia, PABANKER R,CHEN L.Labor Market Characteristics and Cross-Country Differences in Cost Stickiness[D].Working paper,2006....