damagecausedbytheearthquakePancakedbuildingsOlderwoodenbuildingsinthepoorerareas.Themostdevastatingsecondaryeffectwasfire.Paraffinheatersandgascookerssetfiretobuildings.Thefireswerealsomadeworsebygasescapingfrombrokengaspipesandthefireservicescouldnotgettothefiresduetoblockedroadsandburstwatermains.Secondaryeffects–fire...
1995 Kobe Japan Earthquake Kobe Japan •Population: 1.5 million •Japan’s 6th Largest city •World’s 6th Largest port Earthquake Preparation •Early Warning Systems •Earthquake building codes/standards •Earthquake drills at
The analysis of direct, secondary and indirect effects of the Kobe earthquake suggests to substitute the concept of chain of losses and failures to the simple couple hazardous event-damages which is currently used. Not only parameters related to physical weakness or strength of the built environment...