We assessed the provisions of key welfare models and principles and their prevalence in worldwide ‘primary’ legislation (Tier 1) by reviewing a region’s Animal Welfare Act or equivalent legislation. Ascertaining the degree to which the legislation incorporated any, or any part of, a key welfa...
These ACRE (Avr9/Cf-9 rapidly elicited) proteins are protein kinases, transcription factors and components of E3 ligase complexes, which play important roles in Cf-9 mediated resistance26. Limiting nutrient access is one immune response that can be initiated when plants react to pathogens, or ...