Finally, on the basis of a factorial decomposition based on an estimation result in the current deficit case, we estimate that the real budget deficit in 2008 causes an approximately 2–3% increase in the JGB yields, which depresses the real GDP by 0.39–0.63 percentage points in 2008, on ...
Japan is the most heavily-indebted nation in the world with government debts of over 220% of GDP and a gaping budget deficit of nearly 10% of GDP. To put that in perspective, Greece, Spain and Italy—the European countries most viewed as being at risk of default—have debts equivalent t...
Government budget deficit in Poland 2008-2023 Net fiscal balance in Scotland 1998-2024 Scotland's budget deficit as a percentage of UK GDP 2008/09 to 2019/20 U.S. states' revenue as a share of total expenses FY 2018 Fiscal balance in Italy 2017, by region Oil breakeven prices in Middle...
As a percentage of GDP, the size of the housing market stood at about 24.6% in 2023, almost unchanged in the past four years. But still an expansion as compared to its average market size of 21.7% of GDP in 2009-2019. Historic Perspective Brief history: the housing market, Abenomics, a...
reversingtheriseinJapan’spublicdebtratio,currentlyabout230%ofGDP.The findingsindicatethatwithfiscalconsolidationamountingtoaround7½percentage pointsofGDPby2020,modestlyhighergrowthcomingfromincreasedfemale labourforceparticipationandhigherproductivitygrowth,aswellasinflation ...
Japanese government spending was just 17.5 percent of the country’s GDP in 1960 but has grown, as illustrated below, to 38.8 percent of GDP today. …the island nation’s growth never recovered. The theory that government spending boosts long-term growth has failed… What government spending ...
of GDP, now that it has adopted a new national security strategy that is no longer exclusively focused on self-defense.19Because Japan will need to import defense-related goods from other countries, such as the United States, a stronger yen should make such expenditures more affordable. Japan...
The findings indicate that with fiscal consolidation amounting to around 7 percentage points of GDP by 2020, modestly higher growth coming from increased female labour force participation and higher productivity growth, as well as inflation gradually rising to 2% thanks to unconventional monetary policy ...
Can Japan be classified as a welfare state? If so, why and how? Both experts on Japan and welfare state students have asked this question. In Varieties of Capitalism (VoC) literature, Japan is classified as one of firm-specific coordinated market economies. However, according to welfare state...
On the fiscal side, the government ran a budget surplus of 1.7 percent of GDP in 1991, and the gross debt-GDP ratio was only 57 percent. Thus, it seems plausible that uncertainties about likely policy decisions and their economic effects appeared modest to contemporary observers. 1.4. ...