An MVA-based vector expressing cell-free ISG15 increases IFN-I production and improves HIV-1-specific CD8 T cell immune responsesISG15adjuvantvaccineinmunityHIVIFNModify Vaccinia virus AnkaraThe human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), responsible of the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), continues...
Cancer stem-like cells were the crucial cell subset in cancer cells, with self-renewal ability, heterogeneity and high tumorigenicity, mediating malignant proliferation and immune escape of cancers [9,10,11]. Previous studies had shown that ATC cells were derived from oncogenic mutations in the gen...
demyelination, neuron loss, atrophy, limited recruitment of peripheral immune cells, prominent immune cell recruitment in adjacent meningeal structures (for subpial lesions that extend into GM), and selective synapse loss—so-called synaptopathy [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14]. Indeed,...
LFA-1 is expressed on T cells, B cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and NK cells, and its best-characterized ligands are intracellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs) (Abram and Lowell, 2009). The interaction of LFA-1 with ICAMs is critical for adhesion and recruitment of immune cells to antigen-...
2C). Conversely, cells expressing active-site mutants of USP18 (C64A or C64S) showed elevated p21 but lacked p53 expression compared to that in wild-type USP18 cells (Fig. 2C). This suggests that the p53 protein accumulating in USP18-expressing cells is not a wild-type p53. Download...
b, As in a, with additional controls, cells treated with IFN only. Several interferon-stimulated genes were analysed. c, hTert-immortalized fibroblasts from patient P1 transduced with lentiviral particles expressing RFP and luciferase and wild-type ISG15 (LV ISG15 WT) were stimulated with IFN-β...
Histological sections of infected liver revealed larger more diffuse bacterial foci which penetrated into neighboring hepatocytes in USP18C61A/C61A animals, whereas in wild-type animals the bacteria were primarily con- tained within immune cells (Fig. 1c). In addition, Gram staining confirmed the...
We further studied whether ubiquitin was a substrate of ISGylation in cells over-expressing ISGylation components and ubiquitin. To avoid pos- sible interference from ubiquitylation of ISG15 (~17 kDa), we used C-terminally HA-tagged ubiquitin (Ub-HA, ~8 kDa) and UBB+ 1 (~10 ...
The replication of HIV-1 in 293T cells transfected with HIV-1 proviral DNA was found to be inhibited when cotransfected with a plasmid expressing ISG15 [57]. While ISG15 inhibited HIV-1 release into the supernatant, it did not affect HIV-1 protein production. Expression of ISG15 was ...
ISG15 conjugates can also be generated by expressing the core components of the conjugation system (ISG15 or FLAG-ISG15, Ube1L, UbcH8, and Herc5) by a four-plasmid transfection of non-IFN-stimulated cells. As seen in Figure 2A (top), robust ISG15 conjugation was observed in HEK293T ce...