Since most cases are caused by a mutation (突变) in a single gene, LHON is a good2for gene therapy, a form of genetic engineering which aims to replace the defective gene with a working one. With that in mind, Dr Yu-Wai-Man, an ophthalmologist at Cambridge University, and his colleagu...
Sanger sequencing is best for analyzing small numbers of gene targets and samples and can be accomplished in a single day. It is also considered the gold-standard sequencing technology, so NGS results are often verified using Sanger seque...
Assume a phenotype is determined by one gene with a dominant allele and a recessive allele. If one parent is homozygous dominant (AA) and the other parent is homozygous recessive (aa), what genotype(s) might their offspring have? (a) Aa, aa. (b) AA, Aa...
Such struggles over central definitions are hardly unique to cell biology: taxonomists have wrestled with ‘what is a species?’ for centuries, and geneticists had to confront ‘what is a gene?’ when the dogma of one gene making one protein began to brea...
This was performed by dividing the length of the root measured between days 6 and 7 by the average mature cell length. Next, the average meristematic cell length was determined and was used to calculate the total length that left the meristem in this time period (that is, the average ...
Heredity, environment, and other characteristics seem to play a role in the likelihood that you’ll have Graves’ disease. But no single gene has been found to cause Graves' disease. You're more likely to have the condition if someone in your family has had Graves' disease, Hashimoto’s ...
Because the cost of gene expression analysis has limited its adoption in clinical practice, protein expression levels of ER, progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2 (determined by IHC analysis) can be used as surrogate markers for subtype classification.18 For ER-positive, HER2-negative breast ...
One unique feature of this disease was the presence of phase-dense intracytoplasmic inclusions in the fibroblasts of patients. These cells were termed inclusion cells, or I-cells; accordingly, the disease was designated I-cell disease. Because I-cell disease exhibited clinical characteristics of both...
The dot is an outlier gene from the statistically normal distribution. (C) (Left) Clustering of the 115 VEGF-responsive genes by ChIP-seq reads count pattern. Color intensity: green (H3K4me3 mark), yellow (H3K27me3 mark), and purple (phosphorylated RNA Pol II) indicate higher and white ...
Summary-level data on MDD was from the latest GWAS meta-analysis by the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) with up to 1,815,091 individuals of multiple ancestries [22]. The diagnosis of MDD was determined using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) criteria. For...